deindividuation Flashcards

1
Q

deindividuation

A
  • defined as a psychological state in which an individual loses their personal identity + takes on the identity of a social group
  • e.g. in a crowd
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2
Q

crowd behaviour + anonymity

A
  • we lose restraint + self awareness
  • have the freedom to behave in ways we wouldn’t otherwise
  • lose out sense of individual self-identity
  • responsibility for our behaaiour becomes shared throughout the crowd
    = experience less personal guilt about harmful aggression
  • the bigger the crowd, the more anonymous we are
  • small + unidentifiable part of a faceless crowd
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3
Q

difference between individuated + deindividuated behaviour

A
  • Zimbardo
  • individuated = rational, normaltive
  • deindividuated = emoitonal, impulsive, irrational, anti-normative
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4
Q

private self-awareness

A
  • concerns how we pay attention to our own feelings + behaviour
  • reduced when we’re part of a crowd
  • less self-critical + less thoughtful
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5
Q

public self-awareness

A
  • refers to how much we care about what other people think of our behaviour
  • reduced in a crowd
  • anonymous + behaviour is less likely to be judged by others
  • become less accountable + don’t care what others think
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6
Q

research on de-individuation

A
  • Dodd developed a technique to demonstrate deindividuation
  • asked 229 undergrad students if they could do anything humanly possible w/ complete assurance that they wouldn’t be caught, what would they do?
  • 3 independent raters rated responses
  • 36% responses = antisocial
  • 26% responses = criminal
    = demonstrates the connection between deindividuation as a result of anonymity –> aggression
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7
Q

strengths of deindividuation

A
  • halloween
  • disguise
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8
Q

weaknesses of deindividuation

A
  • football vs cricket
  • group norms
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9
Q

halloween - strengths of deindividuation

A
  • many studies support it
  • psych conducted a natural experiment examining the effects of deindividuation on aggression
  • on Halloween night
  • concealed rates observed 1300 child trick or treaters
  • under 4 different conditions:
  • anonymity
  • non-anonymity
  • alone
  • in a group
  • children given the opportunity to steal sweets + money
    = children who were in a group or anonymous = stole 57%
    = compared to non-anonymous = 21%
    = research demonstrates that when in a group + anonymous, children more likely to behave in a socially deviant way
    = supports deindividuation
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10
Q

disguise - strengths of deindividuation

A
  • two psychs conducted a lab experiment
  • 3 conditions:
  • female parts dressed in a Ku Klux Klan-type outfit = masked faces entirely)
  • dressed as nurses
  • dressed in normal clothes
  • parts had to give fake electric shocks to a confederate
  • parts in Ku Klux Klan-type outfits gave much higher levels of shocks to confederates than any other group
  • research demonstrates that when disguised + identity hidden
    = more likely to be aggressive in being part of a gang
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11
Q

football vs cricket - weaknesses of deindividuation

A
  • it is difficult to separate the effects of deindividuation from other explanations of aggression e.g. social learning theory
  • some sporting events e.g. football = attracts huge crowds + long history of violence + aggression on and off pitch
  • yet rugby + cricket also attract huge crowds but haven’t experienced the same problems w/ antisocial behaviour
  • suggest that cultural factors internalised through social learning is a better explanation
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12
Q

group norms - weaknesses of deindividuation

A
  • deindividuated behaviour is normative rather than anti-normative
  • theory argues that we behave against social norms when we are less aware of our private identity
  • HOWEVER Social Identity Model of De-individuation (SIDE model)
  • argues that deindividuation leads to behaviour that conforms to group norms
  • happens cus anonymity shifts an indiviudal’s attention from their private identity to social identity
  • suggests they remain sensitive to norms rather than ignore them
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