Dehydration Flashcards
What is dehydration?
Fluid loss from intracellular/interstitial spaces.
What causes dehydration?
Inadequate water intake
Excessive fluid losses
What are 3 signs of dehydration?
Decreased skin turgor
Tacky MM
Sunken eyes
What percentage is “subclinical” dehydration?
<5%
What percentage is “mild” dehydration?
7%
What percentage is “moderate” dehydration?
10%
What percentage is “severe” dehydration?
13%
What are signs of mild dehydration?
Subtle loss of skin elasticity
Tacky MM
What are signs of moderate dehydration?
Prolonged skin tent
Tacky MM
Prolonged CRT
What are signs of severe dehydration?
Skin tent stands in place Tacky MM Sunken eyes CRT >2sec Depressed
What is the diference between dehydration and hypovlemic shock?
Fluid loss from intracellular/interstitial space vs vascular space.
What 3 factors must you know when calculating a fluid plan?
Dehydration deficit
Daily maintenance
Ongoing fluid losses
How do you calculate fluid deficit?
Deficit in L = %dehydration X BW(kgs)
What is the daily maintenance dose?
40-60mL/kg/day (dog = high end, cat = low end)
What do you do to the maintenance rate if the patient has a fever?
Increase rate by 15-20mL/kg/day
How do you determine ongoing fluid loss?
Estimate losses OR
Double maintenance dose
What is the rule of thumb for replacing fluid deficit?
80-100% replaced in first 24 hours
Within what time frame is the fire 1/2 or more of the dehydration deficit replaced?
First 4-6 hours
