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Distillation & Evaporation > Dehydration > Flashcards

Dehydration Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the Dehydration system necessary?

A

Conventional distillation is limited to an output of 190 proof ethanol. In order to produce pure 200 proof ethanol, water must be further extracted

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2
Q

What are the two basic modes of the Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) process?

A

Dehydration-adsorption under pressure
Regeneration-desorption under vacuum

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3
Q

What type of heat exchanger is the Sieve Feed Economizer?

A

Plate-and-frame

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4
Q

What is the purpose of Regen Condenser #1 & #2?

A

Condenses vapors from the Molecular Sieves created during regeneration/sweep cycles

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the Regen Cooler?

A

Cool Regen Tank Bottoms liquid stream using cooling water

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the Sieve Feed Economizer?

A

Preheat the 190 proof ethanol before entering the Molecular Sieves

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the 200 Proof Filters?

A

Removes particulates from the 200 proof final product

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8
Q

What is the purpose of the Regen Tank Bottoms Pump?

A

Transfer liquid from the bottom of the Regen Tank to the Regen Tank Jet Eductors, Rectifier, and Vacuum Pumps (Seal Water)

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the 200 Proof Product Pump?

A

Transfer 200 proof ethanol from the 200 Proof Flash Vessel to the 200 Proof Ethanol Storage Tank

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the Steam Condensate Reveiver?

A

Flashes condensate from the Sieve Steam Condensate Flash Tank to LP steam

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the Sieve Steam Condensate Flash Vessel?

A

Flashes condensate from the Sieve Vaporizer Condensate Receiver to steam

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the Molecular Sieve Bottles?

A

Dehydrate 190 proof ethanol to produce 200 proof ethanol

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Regen Tank?

A

Collects water that is removed from the molecular beads during the regeneration and sweep cycle

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the 200 Proof Flash Receiver?

A

Collects 200 proof liquid ethanol condensed in Evaporators #1 and #2

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the 200 Proof Flash Vessel?

A

Removes carbon dioxide from 200 proof ethanol flowing from the 200 Proof Flash Receiver

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the Sieve Vaporizer Condensate Receiver?

A

Collects steam condensate from the Sieve Vaporizer and flows to the Sieve Steam Condensate Flash Tank

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17
Q

What does anhydrous mean?

A

Without water

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18
Q

What state is the 190 proof ethanol when it enter the Molecular Sieve Bottles?

A

Vapor

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19
Q

What product is heated in the Sieve Feed Economizer?

A

190 proof liquid ethanol

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20
Q

What product is cooled in the Sieve Feed Economizer?

A

200 proof liquid ethanol

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21
Q

What is the source of heat in the Sieve Vaporizer?

A

Medium Pressure Steam (MP Steam)

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22
Q

Where does condensed steam from the Sieve Vaporizer flow to?

A

Sieve Vaporizer Condensate Receiver

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23
Q

What are the three most important aspects of molecular sieve operation?

A

Heat, pressure, and vacuum

24
Q

Which molecular sieve cycle is generally defined by pressurized flow of 190 proof ethanol vapor in which water is removed by the molecular catalyst beads?

A

Feed Cycle

25
Q

Which molecular sieve operation is generally defined by a venting of sieve bottle pressure to the 190 Proof Vacuum Condenser?

A

De-pressure Cycle

26
Q

Which molecular sieve cycle is generally defined by vacuum being applied to sieve bottles for the purpose of removing entrained water from the molecular catalyst beads followed by a stream of 200 proof liquid ethanol flowing up through the beads to displace remaining traces of water?

A

Regeneration and Sweep Cycle

27
Q

Which molecular sieve cycle is generally defined by applying pressure to molecular sieve bottles and an increase in flow of 200 proof liquid ethanol?

A

Re-pressure Cycle

28
Q

Where does 200 proof ethanol flow from molecular sieves?

A

Evaporator #1 or #2

29
Q

What is the purpose of injecting 200 proof liquid ethanol into 200 proof ethanol vapors?

A

De-superheat the ethanol vapors

30
Q

What causes a increase in water content in the 200 proof ethanol vapors during the sweep cycle of the molecular sieves?

A

Decrease in sweep flow

31
Q

What is the purpose of the 4 molecular sieve bottle operating cycle valves?

A

Inlet, de-pressure, regen, and outlet

32
Q

How is the acidity of ethanol lowered?

A

Flashing out carbon dioxide

33
Q

What is the purpose of adding 190 proof ethanol to the 200 Proof Flash Receiver?

A

Adjust the proof of ethanol (More 190 proof ethanol added to 200 proof ethanol = higher water content)

34
Q

What does the 200 proof cooler use as a cooling source?

A

Cooling water

35
Q

Where is the water that is removed from the molecular catalyst beads collected?

A

Regen Tank

36
Q

What is the relation of the Regen Tank contents and the Vacuum Pumps?

A

Regen is used as seal water for the Vacuum Pumps

37
Q

What are the 2 sources of vacuum for the Molecular Sieve Bottles?

A

Regen Eductors
Condensing action of the Regen Condensers

38
Q

What molecular sieve cycle causes 15% of ethanol feed to molecular sieve bottles to flow to the Regen Tank?

A

Regen and Sweep Cycle

39
Q

What 3 places do Regen Tank Bottoms flow?

A

Regen Eductors
Seal Water Filters (Vacuum Pumps)
Rectifier

40
Q

What is the purpose of the Regen Cooler?

A

Removes heat from the Regen Tank Bottoms

41
Q

What type of heat exchanger is the Sieve Vaporizer?

A

Shell-and-tube

42
Q

What occurs when feed temperature to the molecular sieves is out of desired range?

A

High temperature- Could result in damage to catalyst bed
Low temperature- Condensation of ethanol vapor in molecular sieves and therefore saturation of sieve beads

43
Q

What is the normal operating temperature range of the 190 proof ethanol vapor flowing from the Sieve Vaporizer?

A

275-315°F

44
Q

What occurs when the 190 proof ethanol vapor entering the molecular sieves reaches a low temperature of 260°F?

A

Interlock will stop the flow of 190 proof ethanol and shut down the molecular sieves

45
Q

What is the normal operating pressure of the discharge of the Sieve Vaporizer?

A

45-65 PSIG

46
Q

What can occur when the Sieve Vaporizer’s pressure is out of range?

A

Low pressure- Inadequate heat transfer
High pressure- De-pressure into atmosphere via PSV

47
Q

What Dehydration product is used as a heating source for Evaporator #1 or #2?

A

200 proof ethanol flowing from Sieve Vaporizer Condensate Receiver

48
Q

How long is a molecular sieve cycle?

A

3.5-5.5 minutes

49
Q

What type of heat exchanger is the 200 Proof Cooler?

A

Plate-and-frame

50
Q

What type of heat exchanger are the Regen Condensers?

A

Plate-and-Frame

51
Q

What type of exchanger is the Regen Cooler?

A

Plate-and-Frame

52
Q

How/why does back pressure (in the molecular sieves) affects the 200 proof product?

A

Back pressure affects the amount of time ethanol stream is in contact with catalyst beads. Increase in back pressure will increase amount of water removed from ethanol stream.

53
Q

How is the 200 proof product acidity controlled?

A

200 Proof Flash Vessel. Carbon dioxide is flashed off and drops carbonic acid content

54
Q

What equipment in the Dehydration System creates vacuum?

A

Regen Eductor #1 & #2

55
Q

What is the purpose of having two Regen Pumps?

A

Regen Pump #1 is for Sieve Set A
Regen Pump #2 is for Sieve Set B

56
Q

Why is the regen liquid used for seal water on the Vacuum Pumps?

A

Vacuum Pumps discharge into the Regen Tank

57
Q

What are the 2 possible cooling mediums for the Regen Cooler?

A

Finished Water Tank
Cooling Tower Water

Distillation & Evaporation (4 decks)

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