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Diagnostic imaging I test 2 > degenerative part 2 > Flashcards

degenerative part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is pigmented vilonodular synovitis?

A

slow growing, benign and locally invasive tumor/metaplasia of the synovium

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2
Q

what joint does PVNS most often affect?

A

knee

also hip, ankle, elbow

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3
Q

who should you consider PVNS for?

A

younger patients with unexplained hip pain

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4
Q

who are usually affected by PVNS?

A

young to middle aged adults

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5
Q

what are some radiographic features of PVNS?

A

intraarticular effusions, lobulated masses
bony erosions more common in “tight joints” such as hip, elbow, wrist
apple core deformity
may appear bubbly

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6
Q

what does a meniscal tear look like on MRI?

A

light/high signal if damaged

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7
Q

what does an ACL tear look like on an MRI?

A

loss of fiber continuity

hemorrhage

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8
Q

describe OA of the hip?

A 
loss of joint space
osteophyte formation
subchondral sclerosis
buttressing
joint deformity
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9
Q

what compartment of the hip is usually involved in DJD?

A

superior compartment (80%)

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10
Q

buttressing definition

A

thickened cortex at the medial femoral neck as a result of biomechanical changes across the joint

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11
Q

cyst formation of the hip joint with OA is due to what?

A

intra-osseous synovial intrusion with necrosis

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12
Q

what does cyst formation of the hip joint with OA look like on radiograph?

A

subchondral location and usually with sclerotic borders

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13
Q

what is a subchondral cyst?

A

subarticular cysts which represent synovial intrusion through cartilage fissues

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14
Q

what are large cysts known as?

A

geodes

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15
Q

what are the 3 types of holes seen on radiography?

A

geographic
moth eaten
permative

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16
Q

which hole is the least aggressive?

A

geographic

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17
Q

describe geographic holes.

A

usually solitary
indicates slow growing lesions
short zone of tranzition
margin is well defined, can be smooth or lobulated

18
Q

describe moth eaten holes.

A

moderate degree of agression
numerous small holes
larger zone of transition
not well defined margins

19
Q

describe permative holes

A

most aggressive
numerous small holes (1mm)
poorly marginated
wide zone of transition

20
Q

describe acetabular protrusion. what are it’s eponym’s? what line evaluates for it?

A

severe medial hip migration
remodeled acetabulum
also known as otto’s pelvis, protrusio acetabuli
evaulated with Kohler’s line

21
Q

what arthridities can cause acetabular protrusion?

A

OA
RA
bone softening disease (paget’s)

22
Q

what are the max normal measurements for men and women for acetabular protrusion?

A

men: 3mm
females: 6mm

23
Q

when is acetabular protrusion a normal variant?

A

in females

24
Q

which joint disease has the apple core deformity?

A

PVNS

25
Q

what are neurotrophic arthropaties?

A

joint abnormalities secondary to impaired pain perception or proprioception and lack of nutrition from the CNS

26
Q

what is the typical distribution of neurotrophic arthropaties?

A

monoarticular and depends on the underlying abnormality

27
Q

what are the two types of neuropathic arthropaties based on imaging?

A

hypertrophic (bone forming)

atrophic (resorptive)

28
Q

what are some clinical signs and symptoms of neurotrophic arthropathies?

A

painful, swollen joint, neurological disorder
and radiographic signs of destruction together
decreased pain sensation and proprioception
swollen unstable joint

29
Q

weightbearing joints can get what kind of neuropathic arthropathy in general?

A

hypertrophic

30
Q

non-weightbearing joints can get what kind of neuropathic arthropathy in general?

A

atrophic

31
Q

what are common etiologies for neuropathic arthropaties?

A 
congenital indifference to pain
alcoholism
diabetic
syphilis
syringomyelia
trauma
steroids
leprosy
32
Q

what are 6 Ds of radiographic signs of neuropathic arthropathies?

A 
distended joints
density increase
debris
dislocation
disorganization
destruction
33
Q

knee and lumbar spine involvement with neuropathic arthropaties are usually due to what?

A

tabes dorsalis (syphilis infection)

34
Q

diabetes can cause what joints to be involved in neuropathic arthropathies?

A

talonavicular and tarsometatarsal

35
Q

what are etiologies for hypertrophic neurotrophic arthropathies?

A

disbetes
syphilis (charcot joints)
spinal cord trauma

36
Q

what joints are typically involved in hypertrophic neurotrophic arthropathies?

A

feet, knees, spine

37
Q

atrophic neurotrophic arthropathies present as what?

A

osteolytic process

38
Q

surgical amputation appearance

A

when bone resorption is complete in atriphic neurotrophic arthropathies

39
Q

licked candy stick appearance

A

tapered bone appearance leading to a sharp appearance in atrophic neurotrophic arthropthies

40
Q

cutoff sign

A

associated with atrophic neurotrophic arthropathies

Diagnostic imaging I test 2 (8 decks)

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