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Spine Study > Degenerative Disc Disease > Flashcards

Degenerative Disc Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Fusion

A

Is in reduction of growth to bridge to vertebral bodies together

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2
Q

Discectomy

A

5 types

Foramintomy
Laminotomy
Micro discectomy
Liminoplasty

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3
Q

Radical symptoms

A

Impingement of the spinal nerve

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4
Q

What are the locations of herniation

A

Central
Forlateral
Paracentral
Schmarl’s node

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5
Q

Bulging disc

A

Hey intravertebraldoes that extends beyond the normal balance to do to Laxity in the annulus fibrosis

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6
Q

Stabilization

A

Phase 3

- disc Narrows and osteophytes form on the endplates

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7
Q

Instability

A

Phase 2

  • multiple tears in the annuals fibrosis
  • internal desk disruption and loss of disk height
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8
Q

Dysfunction

A

Phase 1

- small tears in the annulus fibrosis

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9
Q

Degenerative cascade

A

3 phases

  • dysfunction
  • instability
  • stabilization
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10
Q

Cauda equina syndrome

A

A condition caused my the compression of multiply spinal nerves with in the cauda equina

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11
Q

Neurogenic clarification

A

When a person will lay down to decrease paresthesia

Paresthesia - sensation and tingling in numbness associated with injury or irritation of a sensory nerve or spinal nerve

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12
Q

Sequestration disc

A

The protruding portion of the disc has detached from the remainder of the desk

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13
Q

Extruded disk

A

A herniated disc in which the protruding fragments of nuclear us is still attached to the disc

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14
Q

Herniated disc

A

A condition in which the nuclear pulposes leaks outside of the anulus of the intervertebral body

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15
Q

Osteophytes

A

Bony overgrowth, usually found around joint area of bone

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16
Q

What are the three stages of the degenerative cascade

A

Phase 1 - dysfunction
Phase 2 - instability
Phase 3 - stability

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17
Q

Denerative disc disease

A

Aka spondylosis

A condition in which and the intravertebral disc loses its normal structural integrity as a result of wear and tear

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18
Q

Accommodate movement

A

As vertebral bodies move in relation to each other the discs deform and allow that movement

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19
Q

Distribute load

A

The soft make up of the disc allows the desert to assist in a boarding and distributing axial forces

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20
Q

Intravertebral foramen

A

A opening that occurs between adjacent vertebrae that allow spinal nerve to exit from the spinal cord out to the rest of the body

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21
Q

AVascular

A

Something does not have a blood supply

- intervertebral disc

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22
Q

Vertebral route

A

nutrients diffuse through the vertebral and plates and into the disc from blood vessels in the vertebral body

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23
Q

Cartilaginous endplates

A

These layers exist and the superior and inferior aspects of the vertebral body

24
Q

Annulus fibrosis

A

Any lessons a tough outer layer of woven cartilage fibers

The role of the lesses to contain the nucleus

25
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

The nucleus pulposus is the center portion of the disc

26
Q

How many discectomy fusions are there?

A 
There are 5 
Anterior 
Anterolateral
Lateral
Posterolateral
Posterior
27
Q

How many steps does a discectomy/fusion have to occur

A 
5
Removal of disc 
Placement of a spacer 
Graft augmentation 
Stabilization 
Fusion
28
Q

Laminopasty

A

Surgical reforming of the laminator to increase volume of the vertebral foramen

29
Q

Laminectomy

A

Surgical removal of lamina

30
Q

Micro discectomy

A

Surgical removal of portor most of the intravertebral disc via a small opening using microscope

31
Q

Laminotomy

A

Surgical opening in the lamina

32
Q

Foraminotomy

A

The removal of the over laying bone to enlarge the intervertebral foramen

33
Q

Indirect decompression

A

Decompression achieve by increasing the height of the disc space, thus increasing the foreman or volume and freeing the entrapped spinal nerve

34
Q

Many types of decompression are there

A

2 types

Direct and indirect

35
Q

Decompression

A

Procedure to relieve pressure on brain/spinal cord or spinal nerves

36
Q

Conservative therapy

A

9 types

Pt
Rest
Anti-inflammatory drugs 
weight management 
chiropractic care 
epidural injections 
nerve blocks 
Pain management 
Alternative methods
37
Q

Discography

A

A radiographic imaging process that involves injecting contrast materials into an intervertebral body

38
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

A technique that uses magnets and radio frequency waves to produce pictures of the bodies inner structure

39
Q

Cult scan

A

(CT) computer axial tomography

A imaging study that uses computer to compile a cross-sectional x ray of the body

40
Q

Radiograph

A

A picture of the solid part of the body produced by passing electromagnetic rays through a body positioned against photographic films

X-ray

41
Q

Axial back pain

A

Pain in the back only

42
Q

Dermetome

A

Area of skin introverted by fibers of single spine nerves; used to diagnose a level of injury based on a patient’s symptoms

43
Q

Pathologic

A

Indicative or caused by disease

44
Q

Degenerative

A

Cause of degeneration

45
Q

Isthmic

A

A classification of spodylisthsis in which the slip is caused by a defect in the pars interarticularis

46
Q

Congenital

A

Existing @ birth

Type 1

Caused by an abnormality in the formation of the spine

Spondylolisyhesis

47
Q

Pars interarticularis

A

The part of the posterior are of a vertebra that lies between the inferior and superior articulated facet

48
Q

Spondylolistheseis

A

A unilateral or bilateral defect of the pars interarticularis

49
Q

Hypertrophy

A

An abnormal enlargement of an organ or thickening of the tissue

50
Q

Schmarl’s node

A

The herniation of a intervertebral disc into the vertebral bodies above and below

51
Q

Paracentral herniation

A

Herniation that occurs slightly lateral to the midline of the disc affects both the spinal cord/ cauda equina as well as the spinal nerve

52
Q

Far lateral herniation

A

Herniation that occurred posterolaterally, generally affect a spinal nerve

53
Q

Central herniation

A

A herniation that occurs in the midline of the disc, generally affecting the spinal cord or cauda equina

54
Q

Sequestrated disc

A

A herniation in which the protruding fragment of nucleus has separated from the rest of the intervertebral disc

55
Q

How many grades of sponylolisthesis are there and what are the grades?

A

5 grades

Grade 1
0-25%
Grade 2
25-50%
Grade 3
50-75%
Grade 4
75-100%
Grade 5
Vertebral body falls if the anterior edge of the vertebral body

Spine Study (4 decks)

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