Bone Healing And Fusion Module

Question 1

Describe the structure of bone

Answer 1

4 aspects of bone

Movement – bone attached to be attendance and ligaments to muscles and other bones to act as a lever

Support – bones form the structure of the body

Protection - bone covers and protects vital organs

Storage – bone stores minerals for use by the body and house bone marrow

Question 2

What is the bone that makes up the bone

Answer 2

2 types

Cortical bone - dense, compact bone - found on the outside.

Cancellous bone - less dense bone, Latrice-like bone

Question 3

Cortical bone structure

Answer 3

Cortical bone is arranged into units called osteons/haversian systems

Lamellar bone- The normal type of adult bone, organized in layers, which may be parallel or concentrically arranged

Haversian canal - The longitudinally arranged canals in compact bone which contains a blood vessels and nerves

Osteocyte - mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts

Volkmann’s canal - Channel is running perpendicular to Haversian canal allowing blood vessels to travel from Osteon to osteon

Question 4

Wolff’s law

Answer 4

a principal stating that bone responds dramatically to stress and strain by altering its internal architecture

Question 5

What is the bone composition

Answer 5

70% inorganic
30% organic

Inorganic
95% hydroxyapatite (HA)
5% magnesium, sodium, potassium, fluoride

Organic
93% collagen
5% non-college proteins
2% cells

Question 6

What are the cells in the bone

Answer 6

3 cells

Osteoblasts- are bones building cells

Osteoclasts- bone removing cells

Osteocytes- reside in cavities with in the bones

Question 7

Defined the word remodeling and describe the bone remodeling process

Answer 7

Remodeling – process in which a Boner continuously replace his old necrotic bone with new bone tissue

5 steps

1. Bone in resting form
2. Osteoclasts remove necrotic bone
3. Osteoblasts deposit osteoid
4. Osteoid mineralizes
5. Osteoblast remaining on the surface as a bone or lining cell