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Spine Trauma > Degenerative > Flashcards

Degenerative Flashcards

1
Q

Relative cervical stenosis measures:

A

10-13mm canal

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2
Q

Absolute cervical stenosis measures

A

10mm canal or less

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3
Q

Bad Torg ratio is:

A

<0.8

not considered an absolute contraindication to return to play

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4
Q

Risk of having cervical MRI changes if >age 40 years?

A

57% (Boden study)

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5
Q

Return to work rates following an episode of low back pain:

A

60-70% by 6 weeks

80-90% by 12 weeks

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6
Q

How many Waddell signs needed for positivity of test?

A

3 is suggestive of inorganic cause of back pain

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7
Q

Specfic radiographic findings of tuberculous spondylitis?

A

vertebral body involvement with sparing of the disc space - differentiates from pyogenic infections
- abscesses typically appear anterior vertebral body

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8
Q

how long can mycobacteria take to grow in culture

A

10 weeks

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9
Q

Meds for spinal TB:

A

isoniazid
rifampin
ethambutol
pyrazamide

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10
Q

In chldren with kyphosis from spinal TB, what are rates of progression?

A

even after cure, progression rates are 40% without reconstruction

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11
Q

Spinal manifestations of Langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

vertebra plana

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12
Q

most common location of spinal TB in children?

A

anterior vertebral body in the lower thoracic region

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13
Q

what is the histologic stain for tB:

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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14
Q

in CSSM, what is rate of tandem lumbar stenosis

A

20%

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15
Q

Ranawat classification of CSM:

A

1: normal examination, complaining of pain
2: subjective weakness, hyperreflexia, dyssesthesias
3A: objective weakness, long tract signs, ambulatory
3B: objective weakness, long tract signs, non-ambulatory

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16
Q

lower limit of compression ratio

A

0.4

below this indicates poor prognosis for recovery in CSM

17
Q

advantages of anterior approach to posterior approach in CSM surgery:

A
  • less blood loss
  • lower infection rate
  • less post operative pain
18
Q

Rates of post-operative C5 palsy after anterior OR posterior decompression on C spine:

A

5%

19
Q

can you do laminoplasty in setting of OPLL?

A

yes

20
Q

a two level cervical corpectomy also needs:

A

posterior decompression and fusion due to high rates of graft migration

21
Q

known risk factors for airway complications following ACDF:

A
  • surgical time >5 hours
  • mutilevel surgery at or above C3-4
  • blood loss >300

consider maintaining intubation for 24-48 hours

22
Q

TLICS score indicating surgery:

A

> 4

if =4 then could go either way

23
Q

Important points for the TLICS scoring system:

A

morphology
neurologic status
integrity of the PLC

Burst = 2 points
nerve root injury = 2 points
incomplete cord = 3 points
complete cord = 4 points
PLC out = 3 points (interspinous distance increased)
24
Q

how many levels do you isntrument when treating TL burst fractures?

A

historically 3 above, 2 below

modern pedicle screw constructs suggest 1 above and 1 below

25
Q

Rates of LFCN paresthesia following

A

24%

- risk with surgery longer than 3.5 hours

26
Q

4 year SPORT outcomes for degen spondy?

A
  • with surgery, improved pain and function scores relative to those treated non-operatively
27
Q

what would increase the rate of adjacent segment disease following single level lumbar decompression and fusion

A

adjacent level laminectomy (especially above)

28
Q

rate of adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion?

A

2.5% per year

29
Q

risk factors for nonuinon following spinal fusion:

A
  • smoking
  • multilevel fusion
  • malnutrition
  • sagittal imbalance
  • prior spine surgery
  • oral anti-infalmmatory use
30
Q

risk factors for in hospital complication following lumbar fusion include:

A
  • age

- having 3 or more medical co-morbidities

31
Q

what pelvic measure correlates with degree of isthmic spondy?

A

pelvic incidence

- higher is a risk factor

32
Q

most common nerve root injured after reduction of an isthmic L5-1 slip?

A

L5

33
Q

incidence of spondylolysis in North America?

A

4% of Americans by age 6 will have a pars defect

up to 6% for patients aged 12-25 years

34
Q

where is a pars defect most likely to occur?

A

90% occur at L5-S1

35
Q

Diagnosis of DISH made by:

A

non-marginal syndesmophytes at 4 contiguous vertebrae (3 levels)

36
Q

Risk factors for DISH:

A
  • DIABETES
  • gout
  • hyperlipidemia
37
Q

where should you get xrays tobe most likely to find DISH?

A

T7-T11

38
Q

differentiating AS from DISH?

A 
AS will show obliteration of disk spaces
AS will show marginal syndesmophytes
AS with osteopenia
AS with HLA-B27 association
AS with bilateral sacroiliitis
AS not associated with diabetes

Spine Trauma (7 decks)

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