Deforestation Sudan

Question 1

Deforestation

Answer 1

Deforestation is defined as the conversion of forest to other land use or the permanent reduction of the tree canopy cover below the minimum 10 percent threshold (FAO, 2015)

Question 2

Deforestation rate

Answer 2

504,000 ha per year

Question 3

Spatial distribution of deforestation

Answer 3

Northern Darfur

Question 4

MAIN CAUSES

Answer 4

• Wood fuel
• Socio-Economic Activities
• Overgrazing of Animals
• Drought
• Lack of Environmental policy and enforcement

Question 5

People rely on forest resources for

Answer 5

wood and non-wood

Question 6

Forest cover has declined from ____% to ____% in the last ___ years

Answer 6

forest cover in Sudan has declined from 40% to 10% in the last 110 years

Question 7

___% of trees in Darfur lost due to civil war

Answer 7

30%

Question 8

How many civil wars has sudan suffered?

Answer 8

2

Question 9

Effect of civil war

Answer 9

6

• inc. deforestation
• patterns of trade change
• wood for infrastructure
• Migration/displacement of
  people (distorted process of urbanization)
• Poverty
• INTERNATIONALS

Question 10

Ironically, between ___ and ____…

Answer 10

Between 2003 and 2005 international agencies were the main consumers as they set up the infrastructure for IDP camps

Question 11

Why is there a limited amount of stats available on plant and animal species?

Answer 11

Sep. of south and north sudan

Question 12

Effect on environment

Answer 12

• Loss of species

- number of species is in decline

Question 13

Primary source of energy in Sudan

Answer 13

charcoal/firewood

Question 14

__% of Sudan’s pop. has access to electricity

Answer 14

30%

Question 15

Where is access to electricity concentrated? what %?

Answer 15

Karthoum, 70%

Question 16

What do Sudanese households rely on wood for?

Answer 16

cooking

heatings

domestic activities

Question 17

Woodfuel energy accounts for ___-___% of ????

Answer 17

70%-81% or national energy supply

Question 18

Important economic activities using forest resources

Answer 18

• local production and sale of bread
• pottery
• tea
• clay bricks

Question 19

Over 1,000 brick kilns are currently in operation in

Answer 19

Karthoum

Question 20

Although clay making industry is reportedly in decline, both past and present levels of consumption of biomass fuel still place _________

Answer 20

Although this industry is reportedly in decline, both past and present levels of consumption of biomass fuel still place significant pressure on forest resources.

Question 21

Wood provides a source of ____ and ______ where other resource sectors no longer can

Answer 21

income and livelihood

Question 22

Illegal logging and charcoal manufacturing can make __% profit exploiting Sudan’s wood lands

Answer 22

100%

Question 23

Population growth causes

Answer 23

• High fertility Rates (4.6 bpw)
• Population Growth (2.4% annual increase)
• Intl. Communities

Question 24

Pop. Growth effects

Answer 24

• already vulnerable forest ecosystems are no longer able to regenerate
• environmental threshold is exceeded

Question 25

In 2001, the government introduced a __% price subside to LPG

Answer 25

50%

Question 26

The IMF calculated that..

Answer 26

only 3% of spending on fuel subsidies benefitted the poorest quintile of the population

Question 27

The IMF calculated that..

Answer 27

only 3% of spending on fuel subsidies benefitted the poorest quintile of the population

Question 28

Sudan split into two countries in

Answer 28

2011, following the second sudanese war

Question 29

North Sudan lies between

Answer 29

Egypt and eritrea

Question 30

More than __% of Sudan is classified as desert

Answer 30

50%

Question 31

The Sahara Desert advances at a rate of

Answer 31

1.5 km per year

Question 32

Droughts are becoming

Answer 32

more common and persistent

Question 33

Reduced vegetation cover…

Answer 33

• decreases CO2 sequestration,
• albedo
• forces nomadic farmers