Definitions, Orientations, Positions

Question 1

What is anatomy and what is physiology?

Answer 1

Anatomy is the science of body structures physiology is the since of body functions.

Question 2

What are the levels of structural organization?

Answer 2

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, systems, organism

Question 3

What are the planes of movement of the human body?

Answer 3

Sagittal Plane: divides the body into left and right parts. Mid-sagittal or median divides the body into equal parts left and right.
Coronal Plane (or frontal plane): divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
Transverse Plane: divides the superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts of the body.

Question 4

What are the body cavities?

Answer 4

Body cavities are spaces within the body that protect, support and se perante organs, such as the: cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.

Question 5

What does superior mean?

Answer 5

Towards the head. Above.

Question 6

What does inferior mean?

Answer 6

Toward the feet. Below.

Question 7

What does cranial mean?

Answer 7

Toward the head. Of the cranium (skull)

Question 8

What does caudal mean?

Answer 8

Toward the feet. Something that is located behind.

Question 9

What does posterior mean?

Answer 9

Toward the back. Behind.

Question 10

What does anterior mean?

Answer 10

Towards the front

Question 11

What does medial mean?

Answer 11

Closer the the midline of the body.

Question 12

What does lateral mean?

Answer 12

Away from the midline

Question 13

What does distal mean?

Answer 13

Away from the trunk or midline, center of the body.

Question 14

What does proximal mean?

Answer 14

Toward the midline, trunk, or center of the body

Question 15

What does superficial mean?

Answer 15

Closer to the surface

Question 16

What does deep mean?

Answer 16

A structure that is deeper in the body, away from the surface.

Question 17

What does abduction mean?

Answer 17

Abduction of a joint moves a bone away from the midline of the body. Movements are conducted in the coronal plane.

Question 18

What is adduction?

Answer 18

Adduction of a joint moves bone toward the midline of the body (or in the case of fingers and toes, toward the midline of the hand or foot once the appendages have been splayed). Movements of adduction are conducted in the coronal plane.

Question 19

What is flexion?

Answer 19

Flexion of a joint is the bend or decrease the angle between the bones of the joint. Movements are conducted in the sagittal plane.

Question 20

What is extension?

Answer 20

Extension of a joint is to straighten it. Extensions are directed in the sagittal plane.

Question 21

What is circumduction?

Answer 21

Circumduction is a circular movement permitted by certain kind of joints (ex ball and socket, saddle and condylar) characterized by flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction done in sequence.

Question 22

What is rotation?

Answer 22

Rotation of a joint is to turn the moving bone about its axis.