Definitions of basic concepts of alkanes and alkenes Flashcards
Aliphatic hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a straight chain or branched structure
Alicyclic hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure
Heterolytic fission
Breaking of a covalent bond
Where the both electrons go to ONLY one of the bonding atoms
Forms a Cation and Anion
Display formula
The relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them
E/Z isomerism
Special type of isomerism
Different groups of atoms attach onto each carbon of the double bond, and arrange in different ways
Due to the restricted rotation the double bond presents
General formula
The simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series
Homologous series
series of organic compounds
same functional group
Each successive member differing by CH2``
Homolytic fission
Breaking of a covalent bond
Both bonding atoms receive an electron each
2 radicals
Nucleophile
Attracted to an electron deficient centre
Electron donor
Forms a new covalent bond
Addition reaction
Adding of a reactant to an unsaturated molecule making it saturated
Substitution reaction
An atom or group of atoms replacing a different atom
Skeletal formula
Simplified organic formula
carbon skeleton and functional groups
Elimination reaction
Removal of a molecule from a saturated bond making it unsaturated
Electrophile
Attracted to an electron rich centre
Electron pair acceptor
new covalent bond made
Pi Bond
REactive part of the double bond
formed above and below the plane of bonded atoms
Formed by the overlap in p orbitals
