Definitions Of Abnormality Flashcards

1
Q

Statistical infrequency

A
  • Occurs when an individual has a less common characteristic
  • for example being more depressed or less intelligent than most of the population
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2
Q

Deviation from the social norms

A

-Sees any behaviour which differs from that which society expects as abnormal
- these are passed on through socialisation. Any behaviour which breaks these rules is seen as abnormal

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3
Q

Failure to function adequately

A

Abnormality judged as inability to deal with the demands of everyday living

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4
Q

Deviation from ideal mental health

A

Absence of signs of good mental health used to judge abnormality

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5
Q

Problem with deviation from social norms definition

A

Social norms depend on culture and this can change over time or cultures

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6
Q

Indicators of failure to function adequately

A
  • own personal distress and anxiety
  • causes distress for others (observer discomfort)
  • stops them from working
  • stops them from being hygienic
  • causing themselves or others harm
  • behaviour is maladaptive, irrational, or dangerous
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7
Q

Jahoda (1958) criteria for deviation from ideal mental health

A
  • accurate perception of reality
  • positive attitude to him/herself (self-esteem)
  • self actualisation - reach potential
  • resistance to stress
  • environmental mastery
  • be independent of the other people (autonomy)
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8
Q

A lack of cultural relativism =

A

Ethnocentric

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9
Q

Individualistic culture

A

Where they put the self as more important than others/groups

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10
Q

Collectivist culture

A

Where the groups needs come above their own needs

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11
Q

Limitation of statistical infrequency

A

Doesn’t help distinguish between desirable & undesirable behaviours

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12
Q

Strength of statistical infrequency

A

Appropriate measure in certain circumstances

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13
Q

Limitation of deviation from social norms

A

Social norms change over time

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14
Q

Strength of deviation from the social norms

A

Does distinguish between desirable & undesirable behaviours

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15
Q

Limitation of failure to function adequately

A

Requires an objective judgement of a way to live

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16
Q

Strength of failure to function adequately

A

Takes into account the patients subjective perspective

17
Q

Limitation of deviation from the ideal mental health

A

Sets high standards of mental health —> might not be achievable

18
Q

Strength of deviation from ideal mental health

A

Focuses on the positives not the negatives

19
Q

Does Jahoda focus on positives or negatives

A

Positives (positive attitudes)

20
Q

Cultural relativism

A

The idea that one cannot judge behaviour properly unless it is viewed in the cultural context from which it originated

21
Q

Strength for statistical deviation

A

It is an appropriate measure in certain circumstances

22
Q

Limitations for statistical deviation

A
  • lack of cultural relativism
  • doesn’t help distinguish between desirable and undesirable behaviours
23
Q

Strength for deviation from social norms

A

Appropriate because it distinguishes between desirable and undesirable behaviours

24
Q

Limitations for deviation from social norms

A
  • lack of cultural relativism
  • social norms over time change, therefore not being consistent across time
25
Strength for failure to function adequately
It takes into account the patient’s subjective perspective
26
Limitations for failure to function adequately
- lack of cultural relativism - it requires an objective judgement of a way to live
27
Strength for deviation from ideal mental health
It focuses on the positives rather than the negatives
28
Limitations for deviation from ideal mental health
- lack of cultural relativism - it sets high standards for mental health which may be unachievable for most people