Definitions -- Neuro

Question 1

Define hemianopsia (aka hemianopia).

What is homonymous hemianopia?

Answer 1

Impaired vision or blindness on one half of the visual field, usually on one side of the vertical midline.

Vision loss on the same side of the visual field in both eyes. This type of visual field loss is indicative of a lesion involving the visual pathway posterior to the chiasm.

[From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4181645/]

Question 2

What is the optic chiasm?

Answer 2

The X-shaped structure where the optic nerves partially cross, located immediately below the hypothalamus.

[From Wikipedia, and dictionary.com]

Question 3

Define encephalopathy.

Answer 3

Encephalopathy is an acute condition of global cognitive dysfunction in the ABSENCE of structural brain damage. In other words, the primary disease process is OUTSIDE of the brain. It is reversible if the underlying cause is corrected.

[from a coding forum citing UpToDate: https://forums.acdis.org/discussion/3098/encephalopathy-due-to-cva]

Question 4

What is the calvarium defined as?

Answer 4

The domelike portion of the skull - excludes the jaw and facial bones.

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Question 5

Echolalia

Answer 5

involuntary parrotlike repetition of a word or sentence which was just spoken by another person; often seen in schizophrenia

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