definitions for sac eg tidal volume etc Flashcards
cardiac output
the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle of the heart per minute.
stroke volume
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction
venous return
The volume of blood returning to the heart per unit time.
capillary
smallest type of blood vessel in the body that are involved in the exchange of fluids and gases between tissues and the blood.
Impulse or action potential
the message.
Neuron
the nerve cell that transmits the message.
firing rate
The frequency that impulses are sent to the motor unit.
Arteriovenous O2 difference (aVO2 difference)
the difference in oxygen content between the arterial and venous blood. Represents the amount of O2 extracted by the muscle.
LIP (lactate inflection point)
-The final exercise intensity point where lactate entry into and removal from the blood are balanced.
-Above this point blood lactate levels will begin to rise rapidly.
-Having a high LIP is good for endurance events because it means the body is able to work for longer at a higher intensity before lactate entry exceeds lactate removal.
pulmonary diffusion
The movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the capillaries and that of carbon dioxide from the capillaries into the alveoli.
Ventilation (V)
The amount of air breathed per minute.
vo2 max (max o2 uptake)
is the maximum amount of oxygen per minute that can be transported to, taken up and used by the body for energy production.
hypertrophy
when a muscle increases in size (gets bigger)
chronic adaptation
a long-term physiological change that occurs in the body as a result of training, and will lead to improved performance.
tidal volume
The amount or air inhaled and exhaled in one breath. At low intensities tidal volume and respiratory rate increase proportionally, but at higher intensities tidal volume plateaus.
