Definitions and Terms

Question 1

What is discrimination?

Answer 1

Treating a person unfairly because of who they are or because they possess certain characteristics

Question 2

What is the difference between direct and indirect discrimination?

Answer 2

Direct – when a person is deliberately treated unfairly because they possess certain characteristics
Indirect – a discreet type of discrimination that puts some individuals or groups at a disadvantage

Question 3

What is anti-discriminatory practice?

Answer 3

A type of practice used to promote equality

Question 4

What is the meaning of equality?

Answer 4

Ensuring individuals or groups of individuals are not treated differently or less favourably on the basis of their specific protected characteristics

Question 5

What is the meaning of diversity?

Answer 5

How a persons identity makes them unique / different

Question 6

Give 8 examples of diversity

Answer 6

1) Age
2) Race
3) Health
4) Gender
5) Disability
6) Appearance
7) Sexual Orientation
8) Religion, Culture or Belief

Question 7

What is the difference between equality and diversity?

Answer 7

Equality – adapting an individuals needs similar to others

Diversity – the needs an individual has which makes them different to others

Question 8

What is equity?

Answer 8

People within a community having the necessary knowledge, skills and resources to achieve and maintain health and wellbeing

Question 9

What is inequality?

Answer 9

Differences between people or groups

Question 10

Give 3 differences involving inequality

Answer 10

1) Wealth
2) Opportunity
3) Social Status

Question 11

What is no inclusive practice?

Answer 11

No positive attitudes towards equality or support which promotes wellbeing

Question 12

What is social justice?

Answer 12

An equal balance of wealth, opportunities and political rights which should lead to a fulfilling life and help the community

Question 13

Who does social justice affect?

Answer 13

Everyone in society

Question 14

What is citizenship?

Answer 14

Status in a country

Question 15

What is culture?

Answer 15

The traditions, values and norms that affect how individuals perceive, believe, think, interact and judge

Question 16

What is cultural competence?

Answer 16

The knowledge, skills and attitudes that allow a practitioner to appreciate and understand the cultural differences and provide effective healthcare

Question 17

What is inclusion?

Answer 17

The process of including everyone, regardless of protected characteristics

Question 18

What is exclusion?

Answer 18

Discrimination / not including everyone in a group or society

Question 19

What is oppression?

Answer 19

Exploiting an individual or group due to their characteristics / prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or exercise of authority

Question 20

What is the meaning of prejudice?

Answer 20

Feelings towards an individual or group that is not based on fact

Question 21

Give 2 ways prejudice can be learned

Answer 21

1) Copying Behaviour

2) Nature vs Nurture (Genes vs Environment)

Question 22

What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 22

Prejudice – opinions an individual has about another individual or group
Discrimination – action an individual or group takes towards another individual or group due to the characteristics they possess

Question 23

What is the meaning of stereotyping?

Answer 23

To make assumptions about certain groups of people attributing the same characteristics to every other individual in the group

Question 24

What is individual discrimination?

Answer 24

Negative treatment of one person by another

Question 25

What is double discrimination?

Answer 25

When a person is targeted for more than one type of discrimination

Question 26

What is triple jeopardy?

Answer 26

When a person is targeted for more than two types of discrimination

Question 27

What is labelling?

Answer 27

A short word or phrase used to describe an individual or group

Question 28

What is tokenism?

Answer 28

Treating an individual with a protected characteristic more favourably

Question 29

What is discrimination by association?

Answer 29

When an individual is treated unfairly because of their connection with another person

Question 30

What is perception-based discrimination?

Answer 30

When an individual is treated less favourably because they're wrongly thought to have a protected characteristic

Question 31

What is language discrimination?

Answer 31

When an individual is treated differently because of distinctive factors of their speech

Question 32

What is institutional discrimination?

Answer 32

N/A

Question 33

Give 3 forms of institutional discrimination

Answer 33

1) No Inclusive Practice 2) Lack of Multiculturalism 3) No Anti-Discriminatory Policies and Procedures

Question 34

What is harassment by a third party?

Answer 34

Being hounded by a customer or service user

Question 35

Give 3 forms of harassment

Answer 35

1) Jokes 2) Insulting Gestures 3) Abusive Comments

Question 36

What is victimisation?

Answer 36

When an individual is treated badly because they've complained about discrimination or helped someone overcome discrimination

Question 37

Give 1 example of victimisation

Answer 37

An individual being fired from their job for bringing an occurrence of discrimination to light

Question 38

What is institutionalisation?

Answer 38

A type of discrimination where individuals become deprived of independence and skills due to being in an institution

Question 39

Give 3 examples of institutionalisation

Answer 39

1) Different staff looking after an individual 2) Not promoting choice or allowing individuals to choose their own meals 3) Not allowing individuals to walk around, overall reducing mobility

Question 40

What is the difference between overt and covert discrimination?

Answer 40

Overt – direct discrimination that is obvious and public | Covert – indirect discrimination that is subtle and disguised / passive acts of prejudice

Question 41

What is the difference between beliefs and attitudes?

Answer 41

Beliefs – the things you feel strongly about and guide you in your daily life Attitudes – the opinions and mindset you develop throughout your life, upbringing and learning experiences

Question 42

Define individuals (4)

Answer 42

Mental health issues, disabilities, frail and elderly, long-term health conditions

Question 43

Give 3 potential consequences of discrimination on individuals

Answer 43

1) Stress 2) Isolation 3) Depression

Question 44

What is stress?

Answer 44

The body's response to mental or emotional pressure

Question 45

What is isolation?

Answer 45

The state of feeling alone, without friends or help

Question 46

What is depression?

Answer 46

A mental illness in which an individual becomes very unhappy and anxious for a long period of time

Question 47

Define groups (6)

Answer 47

Religion, race, ethnicity, gender, travelling communities, young people

Question 48

Give 3 potential consequences of discrimination on groups

Answer 48

1) Marginalisation 2) Disempowerment 3) Disenfranchisement

Question 49

What is marginalisation?

Answer 49

Treating someone or something as if they're not important

Question 50

What is disempowerment?

Answer 50

Groups of people feeling less powerful or confident within themselves

Question 51

What is disenfranchisement?

Answer 51

The state of being deprived of a right or privilege e.g. the right to vote

Question 52

Give 3 strategies used to challenge discrimination

Answer 52

1) Posters and leaflets – create awareness 2) Reporting incidents – issues more likely to get solved 3) Anti-discriminatory policies and procedures – discrimination less likely to occur