Definitions And Random Flashcards
Pharyngeal constrictors
Pterygoid plates Soft palate Hyoid BOT Thyroid Cricoid Mandible
Symptoms of aspiration
Coughing
Choking
Wet voice
What do the pharyngeal constrictors do
Constrict pharynx
Clear bolus through pharynx
3 parts of the pharynx
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx
2 muscles that propel bolus
BOT
Pharyngeal constrictors
Complications of having dysphagia
Pneumonia
Malnutrition
Dehydration
Airway constriction
Aspiration
Entry of food and liquor into airway below the level of the true vocal folds
Penetration
Entry of food or liquid into airway above or at level of vocal folds
Back flow
Food moving from esophagus up into pharynx/from pharynx into nasal cavity
Tempromandibular joint
Allows movement for jaw
Depression, elevation, protrusion, lateralization
Zygomatic bones
Form cheekbones
Faucial arches
Dividing line between oral cavity and oral pharynx
Uvula
Termination of soft palate
3 salivary glands
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Oral transit time
Time taken from iniitaiton of the tongue moment to start swallow, until bolus crosses over BOT
1-1.5 seconds
Piecemeal deglutition
Swallowing only a portion of the bolus
Residue in the vallecula indicates
BOT weakness
Larynx provides
Airway protection
Pharyngeal transit time
Time from triggering of pharyngeal swallow until bolus passes through cricopharyngeal region
Cranial nerves involved in swallowing
V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII
Larynx chances from birth to 21 months
Larynx goes from horizontal plane to right angle
How many tongue pumps for an infant
2-7
Symptom vs dysfunction
Symptom - determined clinically (aspiration)
Dysfunction - anatomic/neuromuscular (Parkinson’s)
Dysfunction leads to….
Symptom!
tracheostomy
Tethers laryngeal elevation
Compression of esophagus
Elimination of cough
Airway protection and airway clearance
Parts of a tracheostomy tube
Outer and inner cannula
Obturator
Cuff
Pilot balloon
Effect of tracheostomy on speaking
Phonation and speech sacraficed
Minimal airflow
Inspiration and expiration occurring through nose
Most cases of oral/pharyngeal dysphasia are…
Neurogenic -> requiring VFSS
0-3 and 4-6 months feeding
0-3: liquids, 2-5 oz per day
4-6: cereal, purees, shows likes and dislikes
7-9 and 12 months feeding
7-9: mashed table foods, cup drinking, lips active for chewing
12: cup drinking, coarsely chopped food
13-15 and 16-18 months feeding
13-15: some meat and veggies, controlled bite
16-18: chews with lips closed
24 months and feeding
Tolerates textures
Controlled oral motor skills
Anatomy differences in children
Tongue fills mouth Suck pads Mandible smaller Larynx high Epiglottis narrow and vertical
Anatomy with older children and adults
Tongue rests behind teeth
Buccinators only for chewing
Larynx descends
Epiglottis flat and wide
Feeding disorder
Food refusal
Rigid preferences
Delayed advancement for self feeding
Disrupted meal times
Swallowing disorder
Problems impacting one or more stages of swallowing
Sensory disorder
Liquid problems
Food under tongue to avoid swallow
Refuses tooth brushing
Motor disorder
Oral motor inefficiency
Vomiting (not texture specific)
Accepts tooth brushing
Dysphagia
Abnormality in the transfer of a bolus from the mouth to stomach, in any stage of swallowing
Etiology ex of dysphagia?
Psychogenic
Mechanical
Neurogenic
Laterogenic (result of surgery)
