Definitions and Facts Flashcards
Define Early Modern Period
A period of European history broadly equivalent to that of the 16th and 17th centuries. The term has since the 1980s been increasingly adopted by historians, including literary historians, in preference to the once customary term Renaissance.
Define Renaissance
The ‘rebirth’ of literature, art, and learning that progressively transformed European culture from the mid-14th century in Italy to the mid-17th century in England, strongly influenced by Classical Greek and Latin Literature.
What’s the difference between E.M.P and the Renaissance?
The Renaissance is from the end of the Middle Ages and the E.M.P. is the 16th and 17th centuries. Also, the Renaissance is defined by printing press…etc and innovations.
What does Copia/Copiousness mean?
Something that encourages a multiplicity and fragmentation of models and allows the author to assert independence from one authority.
Define Tropology in relation to Faerie Queene
Signifying moral allegory
Define Anagogy
‘Revealing a higher spiritual meaning behind the literal meaning of a text.’ Chris Baldick
Define Ekphrasis
An art that desribes art
Define a Domestic Tragedy
A kind of tragedy in which the leading characters belong to the middle class rather than to the royal or noble ranks usually represented in tragic drama, and in which the action concerns family affairs rather than public matters of state’ Chris Baldick
What is a conceit?
‘In modern literary criticism, more common with genre fiction, conceit often means an extended rhetorical device, summed up in a short phrase, that refers to a situation which either does not exist, or exists rarely, but is needed for the plot.’
What is a Country House poem?
‘A country house poem is a poem in which the author compliments a wealthy patron or a friend through a description of his country house. Such poems were popular in early 17th century England. The genre may be regarded as a sub-set of the topographical poem.’ - Wikipedia
What are Masques?
‘A spectacular kind of indoor performance combining poetic drama, music, dance, song, lavish costume, and costly stage effects, which was favoured by European royalty in the 16th and early 17th centuries, especially to celebrate royal weddings, birthdays and other special occasions.’ - Chris Baldick
Who is synonymous with Blank Verse?
Christopher Marlowe. He popularises the form
What is an important fact about Blank Verse?
It is the closest rhyming scheme to actual speech
Define Cavalier Poems
A collective term applied by some literary historians to a group of English lyric poets…and derived from the popular designation for supporters of King Charles in the Civil War.’ - Chris Baldick
Define Pedagogy
‘Pedagogy, most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political and psychological development of learners.’ - Wikipedia It is a academic discipline.
What is Privateering?
Legalised piracy. The monarchy gives Pirates permission to board and steal from other ships in their name.
How did an individual become a citizen of London in the Early Modern period?
To become a citizen of London, a man had to complete an apprenticeship and become a member of the company, or guild, of his new trade - swearing an oath before a master craftsman in his specific field. […] Within hours or days of this initial ceremony, the new admittant would head to Guildhall and be sworn in as a “freeman”, the colloquial term for citizen.’
What was the colloquial term for citizen in Early Modern England?
Freeman
9/10 citizens in London in the Early Modern period obtained their citizenship through what means?
Through apprenticeship
1/10 citizens in London obtained their citizenship in the Early Modern period through what means?
It was inherited.
Define, and give context on what a Taubronar was.
A drummer derived from the word ‘tabor’.
According to Paul Strathern in The Florentines what was Humanism about?
A movement which ‘…placed an increasing emphasis on the development of our common humanity - rather than otherworldy spirituality.’
What Italian poem and poet played a significant role in establishing Tuscan as the basis of the Italian language?
The Divine Comedy and Dante.
What does the word ‘Renaissance’ mean?
Rebirth
Why was the era called the Renaissance retrospectively?
Due to the rebirth of Classical ideas, thoughts, literature, art…etc.
Who is the Black Prince?
Edward the 3rd’s son.
What happened in regards to Slaves and the Black Death during the Renaissance?
The Black Death killed off a large percentage of the population. Workforce needed. Church would not enslave Christians. ‘Import’ of Slaves (Muslims, Slavs, Africans and Berbers).
Who introduced the Gregorian calendar and when was it introduced?
By Pope Gregory XIII in 1582.
Who were Christopher Columbus’ financial backers?
Queen Isabella of Castile and King Ferdinand of Aragon
What was the percentage of enslaved people in Renaissance Italy?
1 - 1.5 % of the population. The population was roughly 11 million.
Define what Prince means in the Renaissance context.
A leader who usually comes from an aristocratic background - a duke, count, marquis, lord…etc.
When and what language did Martin Luther translate the bible into?
German and in the 1520s.
What did the English Constitution say about the translations of the Bible?
The Constitution did not actually ban translation outright, however, but required that any translation and translator must be approved by the Church.
