Definitions Flashcards
Maximum Landing Weight
The lesser of:
Structural Limit Weight,
Missed Apch Climb/Balked Landing Limited Weight
Field Length Limited Weight
Maximum Takeoff Weight
The lesser of:
Structural Limit Weight
Maximum Weight for Temp. and Altitude (WAT Limit)
Field Length Limited Weight
Obstruction Limited Weight
Maximum Landing Weight + Fuel Burn to Destination.
Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
A statement of navigation performance necessary for operations within a defined airspace.
Required Navigation Performance (RNP) Type
A value typically expressed as a distance in nautical miles from the intended position within which an aircraft would be for at least 95 percent of the total flying time. For example, RNP-4 represents a lateral and longitudinal navigation accuracy of 4 nm on a 95 percent basis. Note: Applications of RNP to terminal area and other operations may also include a vertical component.
RNP - “X”
Required Navigation Performance Airspace. The RNP values in the OpsSpecs are a combination of Navigation Accuracy / Communication Latency / Surveillance Latency.
Thus, a WAAS GPS and FMS equipped airplane may have a RNP value varying from .3 to RNP10 depending on the airspace it is currently in.
Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE)
FDE technology allows onboard GPS equipment to automatically detect a satellite failure that effects navigation and to exclude that satellite from the navigation solution.
Incident
An occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations.
Flight Management Systems (FMS)
An integrated system used by flight crews for flight planning, navigation, performance management, aircraft guidance, and flight progress monitoring.
Decision Altitude (Height)
DA (H) is a specified minimum altitude in an instrument approach procedure by which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established. The ‘altitude’ value is typically measured by a barometric altimeter; the ‘height’ value (H) is typically a radio altitude equivalent height above the touchdown zone (HAT) used only for advisory reference and does not necessarily reflect actual height above underlying terrain. [This definition is consistent with both current U.S. operator usage and ICAO international agreements.]
Class I Navigation
Class I navigation is any enroute flight operation or portion of an operation that is conducted entirely within the designated Operational Service Volumes (or ICAO equivalents) of ICAO standard airway navigation facilities (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB).
Class I navigation also includes enroute flight operations over routes designated with an “MEA GAP” (or ICAO equivalent). Enroute flight operations conducted within these areas are defined as “Class I navigation” operations irrespective of the navigation means used.
Class I navigation includes operations within these areas using pilotage or any other means of navigation which does not rely on the use of VOR, VOR/DME, or NDB.
Class II Navigation
Class II navigation is any enroute flight operation which is not defined as Class I navigation.
Class II navigation is any enroute flight operation or portion of an enroute operation (irrespective of the means of navigation) which takes place outside (beyond) the designated Operational Service Volume (or ICAO equivalents) of ICAO standard airway navigation facilities (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB).
However, Class II navigation does not include enroute flight operations over routes designated with an “MEA GAP” (or ICAO equivalent).
Basic Empty Weight
The empty weight of the aircraft as provided by the manufacturer.
Basic Operating Weight
Basic empty weight plus operational items. This includes equipment and personnel required for the flight.
Category I Instrument Approach
A Category I instrument approach is any authorized precision or non- precision instrument approach which is conducted with a minimum height for IFR flight not less than 200 feet (60 meters) above the touchdown zone and a minimum visibility/RVV not less than 1/2 statute mile or RVR 1800 (for helicopters, 1/4 statute mile or RVR 1600).
Pretakeoff Contamination Check
A check (conducted after the aircraft’s HOT has been exceeded) to ensure the aircraft’s wings, control surfaces, and other critical surfaces, as defined in the certificate holder’s program, are free of all frozen contaminants. This check must be completed within 5 minutes before beginning takeoff and from outside the aircraft, unless the certificate holder’s FAA-approved program specifies otherwise
Representative Surface
Some aircraft manufacturers have identified certain aircraft surfaces that the flight crew can readily observe to determine whether or not frozen contaminants are accumulating or forming on that surface and, by using it as a representative surface, can make a reasoned judgment regarding whether or not frozen contaminants are adhering to other aircraft surfaces. When identifying a representative aircraft surface, the following guidelines should be considered:
- The surface can be seen clearly to determine whether
or not frozen contaminants are forming or
accumulating on the surface.
- The surface should be unheated.
- During the deicing/anti-icing procedure, the
representative surface should be one of the first
surfaces treated with deicing/anti-icing fluid. However,
the designation of representative surfaces is not
limited to treated surfaces.
Representative Surfaces must be defined in the AFM.
RVR
Runway Visual Range. An instrumentally derived value that represents the horizontal distance a pilot will see down the runway from the approach end. RVR is a horizontal visual range, not a slant visual range. RVR is used in lieu of Runway Visibility Value (RVV) and/or prevailing visibility in determining minimums only for a particular runway.
Aborted Takeoff
From an ATC standpoint, any discontinuance after takeoff clearance and commencement of takeoff roll is considered an Aborted Takeoff. Speed is irrelevant. Aborted takeoffs can be categorized into 4 groups (see GOM)
