Definitions Flashcards
What is ‘standard electrode potential’?
The electrode potential of a half cell when measured with a standard hydrogen half-cell. All conditions must be standard (289K, conc 1.00 mol dm-3, 1 atm).
If this value negative, the half-cell donates electrons to the standard hydrogen electrode. If POSITIVE it receives electrons from H HC.
What is enthalpy of FORMATION?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its element in their standard states under standard conditions.
What is enthalpy change of atomisation of an element?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of GASEOUS atoms is formed from an element in its standard state.
What is the first ionisation enthalpy?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of GASEOUS 1+ IONS is formed from 1 mole of gaseous atoms.
What is the ‘First electron affinity’?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous 1 - ions is made from 1 mole of gaseous atoms.
What is the enthalpy change of neutralisation?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of water is formed by the reaction between an acid and a base under standard conditions. It’s an exothermic process.
What is the enthalpy change of atomisation of a COMPOUND?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound in its standard state is converted to gaseous atoms.
What is SECOND ionisation enthalpy?
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous 2+ ions is made from 1 mole of gaseous 1- ions.
What is enthalpy change of hydration?
The energy released when one mole of gaseous ions dissolves in sufficient water to form a solution of infinite dilution.
What is enthalpy change of solution?
The energy released when one mole of an ionic solid dissolves in sufficient water to form a solution of infinite dilution.
What is entropy?
The degree of disorder in a system. Measured in JK mol-1.
What is a fuel cell?
A source of electrical energy which comes directly from energy stored in chemicals in the cell, one of which is oxygen, which may come from the air.
What is lattice enthalpy?
The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions under standard conditions.
What is a ligand?
A species that can use one or more lone pairs to form dative covalent bonds to a transition metal ion, forming a complex ion.
What is a complex ion?
A transitional metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by dative covalent bonds from the ligand to the metal.
