definitions

Question 1

Colles fracture

Answer 1

a fracture of the distal radius with posterior displacement of the fragment

Question 2

Bayonet deformity

Answer 2

a deformity where the distal fragment is dorsally angulated, displaced and often also impacted. This occurs as a result of a malunited radial fracture

Question 3

Dinner fork deformity

Answer 3

a deformity where the distal fragment is dorsally angulated, displaced and often also impacted. this occurs as a result of a malunited radial fracture

Question 4

Smiths fracture

Answer 4

A fracture of the distal radius with anterior displacement of the fragment

Question 5

Salter-Harris fracture

Answer 5

a fracture that involves the epiphyseal plate of the bone

Question 6

Torus fracture

Answer 6

A buckle fracture where both of the cortices of the bone are buckled, it is characterised by bulging of the cortex.

Question 7

Monteggia fracture

Answer 7

the fracture to the proximal ulna with concurrent dislocation of the radial head

Question 8

Galeazzi fracture

Answer 8

the fracture of the distal third radius with concurrent dislocation of the ulna head

Question 9

Olecranon fracture

Answer 9

is a fracture to the olecranon of the elbow which is the proximal extremity of the ulna

Question 10

Pathological fracture

Answer 10

Is a bone fracture caused by disease that led to weakness of the bone structure

Question 11

Compound fracture

Answer 11

An injury in which a broken bone pierces the skin, causing a risk of infection

Question 12

Comminuted fracture

Answer 12

Is a break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments

Question 13

Greenstick fracture

Answer 13

A fracture of the bone, occurring typically in children, in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent

Question 14

Scaphoid fracture

Answer 14

Is a break of the scaphoid bone of the wrist

Question 15

Avulsion fracture

Answer 15

Is a bone fracture which occurs when a fragment of bone attached to a ligament or tendon gets pulled away from the main part of the bone. Usually occurred due to a hyperextension activity regarding sports

Question 16

Boxer’s fracture

Answer 16

the end of the 5th metacarpal takes the force of the impact and breaks at its neck and angulates towards the palm creating a dorsal bump

Question 17

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Answer 17

a chronic progressive disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles.

Question 18

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 18

degeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone, most common from middle age onward. It causes pain and stiffness, especially in the hip, knee, and thumb joints

Question 19

Avascular necrosis (AVN)

Answer 19

is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. Also called osteonecrosis, it can lead to tiny breaks in the bone and the bone’s eventual collapse. A broken bone or dislocated joint can interrupt the blood flow to a section of bone.