Definitions Flashcards
API 510
Deterioration that can result in flaws / defects and affect the integrity of vessels.
Ex. Corrosion, Erosion, Cracking, Mechanical, Physical, and Chemical Damage
Damage Mechanism
Imperfection that exceeds the applicable acceptance criteria and is therefore reject-able.
Defect
Strategy defining when a vessel or relief device will be inspected, repaired, and maintained.
Inspection Plan
Authorized pressure vessel inspector certified to API 510.
Inspector
Reference to API 510 code.
Inspection Code
External, Internal, and On-Stream evaluation of the condition of a vessel by an inspector.
Inspection
All inspection activities on a vessel; once in service and before its removed.
In-Service Inspection
A test on a vessel that has been in service and undergone repairs or alterations to the pressure boundaries to check if integrity is compliant with original construction.
Pressure Test
Portion of a vessel that contains pressure retaining elements joined or assembled into a pressure tight, fluid containing vessel.
Ex. Shell, Heads, Nozzles
Pressure Boundary
Heating an entire weldment or vessel to a specific elevated temperature after completion of welding; to relieve detrimental effects of welding heat, residual stresses, reduce hardness, stabilize chemistry, and slightly modify properties.
Post Weld Heat Treatment
PWHT
Metal plates welded to the inside of a vessel wall to protect the vessel construction material from interaction with process fluid.
Plate Lining
_______ of a vessel who has control over operation, engineering, inspection, repair, alteration, maintenance, pressure testing, and rerating of vessels.
Owner / User
Minimum thickness without corrosion allowance for each element of a vessel based on design code calculations and code allowable stress that considered pressure, mechanical, and structure loading’s.
Required Thickness
Work necessary to restore a vessel to condition suitable for safe operations. (Design Conditions)
Repair
Recommendations for repair or other integrity purposes that are still in operation and have not been completed by documented due date.
Overdue Inspection Recommendations
Inspections on in service vessels still in operation and have not been performed by due date, documented in inspection plan and have not been deferred.
Over Due Inspection
Inspection performed from the outside of a vessel while in service using NDE procedures to establish suitability of the pressure boundary for continued operation.
On-Stream Inspection
Physical activities conducted to check conformance with specifications in accordance with the QA plan.
Quality Control
QC
All planned, systematic, and preventative actions to determine if materials, equipment, or services will meet requirements so the equipment will perform satisfactorily while in service.
Quality Assurance
QA
A document that describes how an activity is to be performed.
Procedure
A person acceptable to the Owner / User who is knowledgeable and experienced with evaluating mechanical and material characteristics that affect integrity of a vessel.
Engineer
A container designed to withstand internal and external pressure.
Pressure Vessel
Service conditions that may produce fatigue damage due to cyclic loading from pressure, thermal, and mechanical loads that are not induced by pressure.
Cyclic Service
Stress corrosion cracking and corrosion under fireproofing.
Corrosion Under Insulation
CUI
A person acceptable to the Owner / User who has knowledge and experience in corrosion damage mechanisms, metallurgy, material selection, and corrosion monitoring techniques.
Corrosion Specialist
Code or standard which a vessels was originally built; such as API / ASME.
Construction Code
Designated areas on vessel where external examinations are conducted to assess the condition of the vessel.
Condition Monitoring Location
CML
Rate of metal loss due to erosion, erosion / corrosion, or chemical reactions to the environment; either internal or external.
Corrosion Rate
Addition material thickness available to allow metal loss during service life of the vessel component.
Corrosion Allowance
Welding technique used to obtain controlled grain refinement and tempering of the underlying heat-affected zone in the base metal.
Ex. Temper Bead, Half Bead
Controlled-Deposition Welding
CDW
Condition where a vessel has not been prepared for an internal inspection.
On-Stream
Components of the vessel that do not contain the process pressure.
Ex. trays, tray rings, distribution piping, baffles, clips, davits, ect.
Non-pressure Boundary
Lowest permissible metal temperature for a given material and thickness base on its resistance to brittle fracture.
Minimum Design Metal Temperature / Minimum Allowable Temperature
(MDMT/MAT)
Temperature used for the design of the vessel per the construction code.
Design Temperature
Risk assessment and management process that considers the probability of failure and consequence of failure due to metal deterioration and is focused on inspection planning for loss of containment.
Risk-Based Inspection
RBI
Document that contains data and information from the manufacturer of the vessel.
Manufacture’s Data Report
Document management system for review and approval of changes (physical and process) to vessels prior to implementation of change.
Management Of Change
MOC
Any work not considered an alteration that removes or replaces a major part of the pressure boundary.
Ex. Shell / Head
Major Repair
Corrosion largely confined to a limited or isolated area of the metal surface of a vessel.
Localized Corrosion
Legally constituted governmental administration that may adopt rules relating to vessels.
Jurisdiction
Maximum gauge pressure permitted at the top of a vessel in its operating position for a designated temperature.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
MAWP
Inspection performed from the inside of a vessel.
Internal Inspection
Established limits for process variables that can affect the integrity of the vessel.
Integrity Operating Window
IOW
Records containing descriptions of specific vessel design, personnel training, inspection plans, inspection results, NDE, repair, alteration, rerating and pressure testing activities, FFS assessments, procedures for undertaking activities, or information maintaining to the integrity of a vessel.
Document
Date established by the Owner / User and is in accordance with API 510 where inspection, repairs, or examinations are to be completed.
Due Date
Pressure vessel engineer.
Engineer
Area within a CML defined by a circle having a diameter not greater than 3’’.
Examination Point
Quality control (QC) functions performed by examiners (NDE Techs).
Examinations
Person who performs specific NDE on a vessel but does not evaluate the results of those examinations.
Examiner
Visual inspection performed from the outside of a vessel.
External Inspection
Methodology where flaws and other deterioration / damage within a vessel are assessed to determine the integrity of a vessel for continued service.
Fitness-For-Service Evaluation
FFS
Corrosion that is distributed more or less uniformly over the surface of the metal.
General Corrosion
Portion of the base metal whose mechanical properties or micro structure have been altered by the heat of welding.
Heat-Affected Zone
HAZ
Point in the repair or alteration process beyond which work may not proceed until the required NDE has been performed.
Hold Point
Flaws or other discontinuities noted during inspection that may or may not exceed the acceptance criteria.
Imperfections
Evidence resulting from the application of NDE that may be non-relevant or could be flaws/defects upon further analysis.
Indications
A vessel that has been placed in operation.
In Service
Person who posses an ultrasonic angle beam qualification from API.
Industry-Qualified Ultrasonic Angle Beam Examiner
Change in either design temperature rating, MDMT, or the MAWP rating of a vessel.
Rerating
Examination methods designed to find the thinnest spot or all defects in a specific area of a vessel that will reveal the scope and extent of localized corrosion or other deterioration.
Scanning Non-Destructive Examination
2 or more vessels are installed in parallel, comparable, and there environmental and process conditions have been consistent over a period of years based on inspection criteria.
Same or Similar Service
Strips of metal plates that are welded to the inside of the vessel wall for protecting the vessel construction material from interaction with process fluid.
Strip Lining
Reduction of toughness due to metallurgical change that can occur in some low alloys steels as a result of long-term exposure in temperature range of about 650F-1100F.
Temper Embrittlement
Repairs made to vessels to restore integrity to continue safe operation until permanent repairs are conducted.
Temporary Repairs
Physical change in any component that has design implications that affect the pressure-containing capability of a vessel beyond described in existing data reports.
Alterations
Code, code section, or other recognized engineering standard or practice to which the vessel was built.
Applicable Construction Code
Approved and documented postponement of an inspection, test, or examination.
Deferral
Approval / agreement to perform a specific activity (Ex. repair) prior to it being performed.
Authorization
Employee of an authorized inspection agency who is qualified and certified to performed inspections under API 510.
Authorized Pressure Vessel Inspector
Temperature at which a material fracture mode change from ductile to brittle.
Transition Temperature
Pressure test that is conducted on pressure vessels after maintenance or repair activities to indicate the equipment is leak free.
Tightness Test
Pressure testing, whether performed hydro statically, pneumatic, or mechanical testing to determine data as material hardness, strength, and notch toughness.
NOT NDE
Testing
