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GEO 2010 - Exam 1 > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Regionalism

A

Division of a large area into different parts, Canada is prone to regionalism

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2
Q

Region

A

A distinctive area of Earth’s surface. It has distinguishing human or natural characteristics that set it apart from other areas. Boundaries are related to faultlines

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3
Q

Uniformed Regions

A

Named after a characteristic where all locations in the region have similarities in that particular characteristic

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4
Q

Functional Regions

A

There are interactions among different areas within the region

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5
Q

Cultural Regions

A

These areas are based on a sense of belonging

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6
Q

Regional Exploitation Theory

A

Wealthy core exploits the natural wealth of the periphery leaving it impoverished (doesn’t work well for Canada)

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7
Q

Modernization Theory

A

Core invests in the periphery and helps it to develop (better for Canada)

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8
Q

Staple product

A

Natural resource that can be exploited relatively quickly and cheaply for profit

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9
Q

Backward Linkage

A

Supplies for the staple industry

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10
Q

Forward Linkage

A

Local processing before export

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11
Q

Final Demand Linkage

A

Service the needs of workers and families

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12
Q

Semi-Periphery

A

A third area evident in Asia where there is a strong economic growth

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13
Q

Physical Geography

A

The study of Earth’s natural features

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14
Q

Igneous Rock

A

Molten rock the emerged onto Earth’s surface and cooled. Hard, resists erosion, and often contains minerals

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15
Q

Sedimentary Rock

A

Layered rock composed of materials that have been affected by wind and weathering

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16
Q

Metamorphic Rock

A

Pre-existing rocks that change form by the process of extreme heat and pressure. They sometimes contain minerals.

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17
Q

Arete

A

Spine along the side of the mountain

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18
Q

Cirque

A

Alpine glaciers

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19
Q

Latitude

A

At lower latitudes, more solar radiation impacts the surface

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20
Q

Altitude

A

Higher elevations experience cooler temper

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21
Q

Proximity of Bodies of Water

A

Water keeps nearby land areas warmer in Autumn and cooler in Spring

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22
Q

Ocean Currents

A

Currents transport warm or cold water depending on the source of the current

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23
Q

Variation in Topography

A

Cold air is dense and tends to sink into valleys

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24
Q

Prevailing Wind

A

Some wind systems cause rapid temperature changes

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25
Locations of Pressure Systems
Relates to the position of warm and cold fronts
26
Deciduous
Trees that loose their leaves
27
Xerophyte
A plant that has adapted to low amounts of water
28
Krumholz
a plant that grows in a sideways formation because harsh dry winds desiccate the upper part of the plant
29
Talik
An area under a lake that is free of permafrost
30
Cryo
Frozen
31
Fiscal Capacity
Ability of a province to raise its own revenue
32
Nation
A distinct cultural group
33
Population Density
The number of people divided by the land area
34
Population Distribution
The dispersal of people within geographic area
35
Urban Areas
An area with a population of at least 1000 people AND at least 400 people per km
36
Census Metropolitan Area
An urban core combined together with adjacent suburban areas that have a high degree of social or economic integration with the urban core of the area, MUST contain at least 100,000 people
37
Crude Birth Rate
The number of births per 1000 people in a given year
38
Crude Death Rate
The number of deaths per 1000 people in a given year
39
Rate of Natural Increase
The difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate
40
Net Migration
The difference between in- and out- migration
41
Replacement Fertility
The level of fertility at which women have enough daughters to replace themselves
42
Demographic Transition Theory
The shift of birth rates and death rates from high - low levels
43
Allophone
A person whose mother tongue is neither english, french or one of the indigenous languages
44
Ethnic Group
Members of a population who share a culture that is distinct from other groups
45
Culture
The learned collective behaviour of a group of people
46
Pacifism
Strong opposition to all violence
47
Cultural Mosaic
A mix of ethnic groups that co-exist but remain distinct
48
Melting Pot
A heterogeneous culture that becomes more homogenous overtime
49
Ethnocentricity
Belief that one ethnic group is superior to another
50
Primary
activities involving the extraction of natural resources
51
Secondary
Activities that process or assemble raw mat
52
Tertiary
Activities involving the sale or exchange of goods or service
53
Quaternary
Activities involving the processing of knowledge that lead to decision making by companies and governments
54
Metis People
A mix of indigenous and european descent
55
Faultlines
Economic, social, and political cracks that divide regions
56
Centralist/Decentralist fault line
Favours Ontario and Quebec because most people live here.
57
English/French faultline
Quebec struggles to maintain speaking french.
58
Indigenous/Non-Indigenous
indigenous communities depend on the federal government, Nunavut was created and is 80% populated with Inuit people
59
Newcomers/Old Timers
Immigrants are new comers and their children are old timers, they usually go to major big cities
60
tundra
Tiny plants, small because underneath is permafrost. they survive harsh climates. Reproduce by runners
61
desert
an area that receives less than 250mm of precipitation yearly
62
palliser's triangle
name by john palliser, an area unsuitable for agriculture
63
drainage basin
the area of surrounding land that is drainage by that river
64
terra nullis
means empty lands
65
national energy program (objectives)
1. ensure low cost of oil for ontario and quebec 2. increase federal share of revenue from the oil industry through taxes
66
Inuit people
Descendants of the Thule people
67
doukhobors
they were communalists who wanted little to do with the government. refused to serve in the russian army and swear an oath of allegiance to england.
68
ecumene
the inhabited parts of an area

GEO 2010 - Exam 1 (2 decks)

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