Definitions

Question 1

Hyperplasia

Answer 1

Abnormal increase in cell number

Question 2

Hypertrophy

Answer 2

Increase in tissue/organ size due to increased cell size

Question 3

Atrophy

Answer 3

Decrease in cell size due to loss of cell substance

Question 4

Metaplasia

Answer 4

Reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type

Question 5

Hyperkeratosis

Answer 5

Thickening of the stratum corneum

Question 6

Orthokeratosis

Answer 6

The normal production of acellular keratinocytes in the keratin layer

Question 7

Parakeratosis

Answer 7

Persistence of nuclei in the cells of the keratin layer

Question 8

Dyskeratosis

Answer 8

Premature keratinization of epithelial cells

Question 9

Acanthosis

Answer 9

Thickening of the prickle cell layer

Question 10

Acantholysis

Answer 10

Loss of intercellular adhesion between keratinocytes

Question 11

Dysplasia

Answer 11

Altered maturation/differentiation/architecture of a cell type

Question 12

Ulceration

Answer 12

Skin/mucosal defect in which the outer surface of epithelium is lost

Question 13

Apoptosis

Answer 13

Programmed cell death

Question 14

Necrosis

Answer 14

Cell death due to injury or disease