Definitions

Question 1

In osteoporosis, do you get more trabecular bone loss or cortical bone loss?

Answer 1

Trabecular bone loss

Question 2

%age of females with hip fractures that are admitted to nursing home

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

Osteomalacia

Answer 3

Bone demineralization caused by impaired calcium, vitamin d or phosphate metabolism

Question 4

What does PTH do to phosphate

Answer 4

Increases phosphate excretion to increase calcium reabsorption

Question 5

What does Vitamin D do to calcium

Answer 5

Increases calcium absorption

Question 6

What is the bone tissue density of osteomalacia

Answer 6

Normal

Question 7

%age of people with hip fractures that die within 30 days and within 1 year

Answer 7

8-9% will die within 30 days

25-30% will die within 1 year

Question 8

____% of fractures of in people > 45 yo is related to osteoporosis

Answer 8

70%

Question 9

What structure is affected in DISH?

Answer 9

Anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 10

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)

Answer 10

Excessive bone growth characterized by ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine and extra spinal ligaments

Question 11

How do you prevent and treat osteomalacia

Answer 11

Sun exposure and vitamin D

Question 12

Most common cause of osteomalacia

Answer 12

Vitamin D deficiency

Question 13

What does PTH do to osteoclasts

Answer 13

Activates them

Question 14

Most common metabolic bone disease

Answer 14

Osteoporosis

Question 15

What does vitamin D do in the intestines

Answer 15

Increases Calcium and phosphate absorption

Question 16

What does PTH do to vitamin D

Answer 16

Stimulates formation of vitamin D by converting inactive Vit D to active form of Vit D

Question 17

3 most common locations for osteoporotic fractures

Answer 17

Spine, hip, wrist

Question 18

MCC of osteoporosis

Answer 18

Post-menopausal

Question 19

Most common cause of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 19

Corticosteroids, which inhibit osteoblasts

Question 20

What does vitamin D do to the kidneys

Answer 20

Increases reabsorption of Ca and phosphorus

Question 21

What makes up most of the bone turnover, cortical or trabecular bone?

Answer 21

Trabecular bone

Question 22

What is the best predictor for future fractures

Answer 22

History of fracture as an adult

Question 23

Female athlete triad

Answer 23

Eating disorder, menstrual disorder, low bone mass density

Question 24

What does calcitonin do to osteoclasts

Answer 24

Inhibits them

Question 25

Type I vs Type II vs Type III osteoporosis

Answer 25

Type I = postmenopausal
Type II = age-associated or senile
Type III = acquired or medication-induced

Question 26

What’s more metabolically active - cortical or trabecular bone?

Answer 26

Trabecular

Question 27

Does trabecular bone or cortical make up most of the skeleton

Answer 27

Cortical bone