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Social Cultural Foundations of Sport > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

sociology

A

the scientific study of social behaviour, its origins, development, organization, and institutions.

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2
Q

sociology of sport

A

a field in a sub discipline of sociology that studies sports as parts of social and cultural life

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3
Q

sport

A

institutionalized competitive activities that involve vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex physical skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of personal enjoyment and external rewards

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4
Q

sociological imagination

A

the ability to go beyond ones immediate life issues and troubles and connect them to society’s broader characteristics

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5
Q

comparative sensitivity

A

learning how a sport has been socially constructed according to different meanings and forms in various cultures

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6
Q

critical sensitivity

A

a willingness to think and act critically

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7
Q

agency

A

the ability of a group to act independently in a goal-directed manner and to pursue their own free choice

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8
Q

power

A

the ability to get things done

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9
Q

hegemony

A
  • political or cultural dominance or authority over others
  • hegemony of the popular kids over other students means that they determine what is and what isn’t cool
  • comes from Greek “hegemon” meaning “leader”
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10
Q

cartel

A

a group of two or more firms that formally agree to coordinate their production and pricing decisions to maximize profit

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11
Q

monopoly

A

market with only one seller

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12
Q

monopsony

A

market with only one buyer (MLB, NHL, NBA, NFL)

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13
Q

lockout

A

an employer-imposed work stoppage that suspends all games and practices until the dispute is resolved and the CBA (Collective Bargaining Agreement) is revised to the owners’ (and players’) satisfaction

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14
Q

strike

A

a work stoppage in which employees refuse to work until a labor dispute is resolved and the players (and owners) agree to sign a new CBA (Collective Bargaining Agreement)

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15
Q

social stratification

A
  • refers to structured forms of economic inequalities that are part of the organization of everyday life
  • these inequalities influence opportunities to meet personal goals (education, sport, occupation etc.)
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16
Q

the American dream

A

a hopeful vision of boundless opportunities for individuals to succeed economically and live a happy life based on consumption

17
Q

meritocracy

A

a form of social organization in which rewards go to people who earn them due to their abilities and qualifications

18
Q

functionalism

A

a theory of society that focuses on the structures that create the society and on how the society is able to remain stable

19
Q

symbolic interactionism

A

looks at how every individual will give everything in their society a different meaning depending on their past experiences and expectations

20
Q

conflict theory

A

observes how the unrest in a society will cause it to change and evolve to relieve the tension

21
Q

critical theory

A
  • combination, reflection, and development of conflict theory and symbolic interactionism (includes critical race theory)
  • humans interpret and give meaning to the world and in doing so, challenge dominant ways of doing things
22
Q

feminist theory

A

champions the belief that women have rights and privileges of social life equal to men

23
Q

violence

A

the use of excessive physical force, which causes or is intended to cause harm or destruction

24
Q

aggression

A

verbal or physical actions grounded in an intent to dominate, control, or do harm to another person

25
Q

intimidation

A

words, gestures, and actions that threaten violence or aggression

26
Q

instinct theory

A

the fighting instinct in beast and man directed against others

27
Q

frustration-aggression hypothesis

A

agression is a response to frustration

28
Q

social learning theory

A

violence is not natural but learned through social process and cultural understandings

29
Q

pygmalion effect and self-fulfilling prophesy

A

a false definition of the situation evokes a new behaviour which makes the original false conception come true

30
Q

cultural pluralism

A
  • refers to the approach our country takes with regard to receiving and welcoming immigrants
  • Canada: we support newcomers in preserving their cultural identity
  • melting pot USA: immigrants are expected to shed their unique cultural practices, adopt new ones based on the values and beliefs of the host country. Process of assimilation.
31
Q

assimilation

A

when immigrants adopt the culture of the dominant group

32
Q

whitestream

A

mainstream for white people

Social Cultural Foundations of Sport (3 decks)

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