Definitions 5 Flashcards
What is compartment syndrome?
A condition in which tissue profusion is compromised due to an increased pressure within myo fascial compartments
What is delayed fx union?
union occurring by late intra-medullary callus when the periosteal response has ceased
What is fx non- union?
A process of scar formation where there is no periosteal or endosteal osteogenesis and bone resorption predominates
What is CRPS?
an abnormal reaction to injury characterised by pain out of proportion to the initial event, swelling, stiffness, vasomotor changes and osteoporosis of the affected part
What is a pathological fx?
A fx through abnormal bone
What is a pilon fx?
AN intra-articular fx through the weight bearing surface of the distal tibia
What is Sensivity?
The ability of the test to exclude false negatives
What is specificity?
The ability of the test to exclude false positives
What is positive predictive value?
Proportion of the test positives that are true positives
What is negative predictive value?
Proportion of the test negatives that are true negatives
What is intercalated segment?
A segment whose stability depends on the compressive load supplied by adjacent structures
What is MRI scan?
an non- ionising radiation investigation that uses radiofrequency pulses on tissues in a magnetic field
What is bone scan ?
A radio-isotope imaging investigation
What is a dexa scan?
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry used to evaluate bone mineral density
What is infection?
A physiological process in which a pathogen multiples within the host tissue, usually producing an inflammatory response, with or without tissue damage
What is colonisation?
A non invasive association between pathogen and host
What is contamination?
the presence of micro-organisms in a host site, that is normally sterile, that have not yet established infection
What is bursa?
A closed fluid- filled sac that functions to provide a gliding surface to reduced friction between tissues of the body
What is callus?
a combination of fibrous tissue, cartilage and woven bone
What is a glycocalyx?
A glycoprotein biofilm secreted by gram postive bacteria
what is brittleness?
Material which displays elastic behaviour up to failure. yield stress is close to fracture stress i.e. minimal ability to deform plastically e.g. ceramic
What is ductility?
Ability to undergo a large amount of plastic deformation before failure
What is hardness?
Ability of a material to resist scratching and indentation on the surface ( not stress/strain curve)
what is strength?
An imprecise term representing resistance to deformation of a material
