Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AS2 Chemistry > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Empirical Formula

A

A formula which shows the simplest whole number ratio of each element in a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Molecular Formula

A

A formula which shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Molar Gas Volume

A

The volume of one mole of gas nder spec cond of temp and pressure e.g 24dm3 at 20 degress (293K) and 1atm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Percentage Yield

A

Actual/ Theoretical x100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Atom Economy

A

Mass of desired product/ total mass of pr x100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Homologous Series

A

Compounds which have the same gen form, similar chem properties, show a gradation in physical prop and suc members differ by a CH2 unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Functional Group

A

R group within a compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Structural Isomers

A

Mol which have the same mol form but a dif structural form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Geometric Isomer

A

Mol with the same str formula but different arrangement of atoms due to the presence of 1/more C=C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sat Hydrocarbon

A

Contains no C=C/ C—C bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

Cont H2 and C only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Substitution

A

Replacing one atom or group with a different atom or group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Homolytic Fission

A

Bond breaking in which one of the shared e goes to each atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Heterolytic Fission

A

Bond breaking in which both e in the shared pair go to a single atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Radical

A

A particle with an unpaired e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Unsat Hydrocarbon

A

Contains at least one C=C or C—C bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sigma Bond

A

A cov bond formed by the linear overlap of atomic orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pi Bond

A

A cov bond formed by the sidways overlap of p orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bond L

A

The dist between the nuclei of 2 cov bonded atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hydrogenation

A

Addition of H2 mol across a C=C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Electrophile

A

An ion or molecule that attacks regions of high e density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Primary Carbocation

A

A carbocation which ahs one C atom directly bonded to the pos charged C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sec Carbocation

A

A carbocat which has 2 C atoms directly bonded to the pos charged C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tert Carbocation

A

A carbocat which has 3 C atoms directly bonded to the pos charged C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Polymerisation

A

Joining together of many small mol (monomers) to form a large mol

26
Q

Monomers

A

Many small mol which join together to form a polymer

27
Q

Polymer

A

A large mol formed when monomers join together

28
Q

Primary Halogenoalkane

A

A halogenoalkane which has one C atom directly bonded to the C atom that is bonded to the halogen

29
Q

Sec Halogenoalkane

A

A halogenoalk which has 2 C atoms directly bonded to the C atom that is bonded to the halogen

30
Q

Tertiary Haloalkane

A

A halogenoalk which has 3 C atoms directly bonded to the C atom that is bonded to the halogen

31
Q

Reflux

A

Repeated boiling and condensing of a r mixture

32
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking up mol by r with water

33
Q

Nucleophile

A

An ion/ mol with a lone pair of e that attacks regions of low e density

34
Q

Elimination

A

A r in which a small mol is removed from a larger mol

35
Q

Miscibility

A

L which mix in all proportions i.e form a single layer

36
Q

Primary Alc

A

An alc which has one C atom directly bonded to the C atom that is bonded to the -Oh group

37
Q

Sec Alc

A

An alc in which two C atoms are directly bonded to the C atom that is directly bonded to the -OH group

38
Q

Tertiary Alc

A

An alc in which 3 C atoms are directly bonded to the C atom that is bonded to the -OH group

39
Q

Ground State

A

A molecular vibration which is in the lowest poss en state

40
Q

Wavenumber

A

the reciprocal of the wavelength and it is measured in cm-1

41
Q

Endothermic

A

A r in which the enthalpy of the p is greater than the enthalpy of the r

42
Q

Exothermic

A

A r in which the enthalpy of the r is greater than the enthalpy of the p

43
Q

Standard Cond

A

298K and 100KPa

44
Q

Standard Enthalpy Change

A

Change in heat energy at constant pressure, measured at standard conditions

45
Q

Standard enthalpy of combustion

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of a subst is burnt completely in O2 under standard cond

46
Q

Standard Enthalpy of Formation

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements under standard cond

47
Q

Standard Enthalpy of Neutralisation

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of water is produced in a neutralisation r under standard cond

48
Q

Conservation of En

A

En cannot be created/ destroyed but it can change from one form to another

49
Q

Hess’ Law

A

Enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of the route taken provided the initial and final conditions are the same

50
Q

Average Bond Enthalpy

A

The energy required to break one mole of a given bond averaged over many compounds

51
Q

R rate

A

the change of the conc (amount) of a r/p with respect to time

52
Q

Catalyst

A

A subst which increases the rate of a chem r but does not get used up

53
Q

Activ En

A

The min amount of en req for a r to occur

54
Q

Reversible R

A

A r which goes in both fw and bw dir

55
Q

Dynamic Equ

A

Rate of fw r = rate of bw r

56
Q

Equilibrium

A

A rev reaction in which the amount of each r/ p remains constant

57
Q

Homogeneous

A

A r in which all the r and p remain constant

58
Q

Heterogeneous

A

A r in which all the r and p are not in the same physical state

59
Q

S block el

A

an el which has an atom with highest en/ outer e in an s-subshell (orbital)

60
Q

Solubility

A

the max mass of solute that will dis in 100g solvent at a stated temp

AS2 Chemistry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions