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A Level Physics Ocr A > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define precision

A

A measure of how close the results of an experiment agree with each other

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2
Q

Define accuracy

A

A measure of how close the results of an experiment agree with the true value

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3
Q

Define a random error

A

Errors of measurements in which the measured quantities differ from the mean value with different magnitudes and directions

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4
Q

Define a systematic error

A

Errors of measurements in which the measured quantities are displaced from the true value by fixed magnitude and in the same direction

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5
Q

Define homogeneous

A

units on both sides of the equation are identical

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6
Q

Define velocity

A

The rate of change of displacement

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7
Q

Define acceleration

A

The rate of change of velocity

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8
Q

Define the resultant force

A

A single force upon an object found by adding all the forces acting upon an object

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9
Q

Define the normal contact force

A

A force perpendicular to the surface experienced by a body when it is in physical contact with something else

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10
Q

Define moment

A

The product of the force and the perpendicular distance between the axis of rotation and the line of action of the force

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11
Q

Define the centre of gravity of an object

A

The point on an object through which the entire weight of the object may be considered to act

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12
Q

Define work done

A

The product of the force and the displacement of the object in the direction of that force

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13
Q

Define gravitational potential energy

A

the amount of work done in order to raise the body to a height

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14
Q

Define power

A

The rate of energy transfer

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15
Q

Define stress

A

The tensile force applied per unit of crossectional area

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16
Q

Define strain

A

The ratio of change in length and original length of a material

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17
Q

Define young modulus

A

The ratio of stress and strain

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18
Q

Define the elementary charge

A

The charge of an electron

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19
Q

Define current

A

The rate of flow of charge

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20
Q

Define potential difference

A

The electrical energy converted into other forms of energy per unit charge

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21
Q

Define the electron volt

A

The energy gained by an electron across a p.d. of one volt

22
Q

Define the electromotive force

A

The energy converted from other forms to electrical per unit charge

23
Q

Define frequency

A

The number of waves passing a point per unit time

24
Q

Define displacement

A

The distance of the oscillating particle from its equilibrium position

25
Q

Define amplitude

A

The magnitude of the maximum displacement of the oscillating particle from the equilibrium position

26
Q

Define phase difference

A

The difference in rotation in the wave cycle between two points on a wave

27
Q

Define intensity

A

The rate of transfer of energy per unit area perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave

28
Q

Define work function

A

The minimum amount of energy necessary to remove a free electron from the surface of the material

29
Q

Define a photon

A

A discrete packet of electromagnetic energy

30
Q

Define internal energy

A

The sum of the individual random kinetic and potential energies of particles in a substance

31
Q

Define specific heat capacity

A

The change in thermal energy per unit mass to change the temperature of the material by 1 K

32
Q

Define specific latent heat

A

The energy required per unit mass to change the state of a substance without any temperature change

33
Q

Define angular displacement

A

The angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of equal length to the radius

34
Q

Define angular velocity

A

The rate of change of angular displacement

35
Q

Define resonance

A

When an oscillating system is driven at a frequency which is the same as its natural frequency

36
Q

Define gravitational field strength

A

The gravitational force per unit mass acting on a mass placed at that point

37
Q

Define gravitational potential energy

A

The work done by an external force in bringing that point mass from infinity to that point

38
Q

Define gravitational potential

A

The work done per unit mass, by an external force, in bringing the mass from infinity to that point

39
Q

Define capacitance

A

The charge stored per unit potential difference across the capacitor

40
Q

Define time constant

A

The time for a capacitor to discharge to 37% of the original charge stored

41
Q

Define electric field strength

A

The electrostatic force per unit charge experienced by a positive test charge placed at that point

42
Q

Define electric potential

A

The work done per unit charge in bringing a positive test charge from infinity to that particular point without acceleration

43
Q

Define electrical potential energy

A

The work done by an external force in bringing the charge from infinity to a point

44
Q

Define magentic flux

A

The product of the magnetic flux density normal to the surface and the area of the surface

45
Q

Define magnetic flux linkage

A

The product of the number of turns of the coil and the magnetic flux linking each turn

46
Q

Define activity

A

The average number of unstable nuclei disintegrating per unit time

47
Q

Define the decay constant

A

Probability of decay per unit time

48
Q

Define the mass defect

A

The difference between the mass of the separated nucleons and the combined mass of the nucleus

49
Q

Define attenuation

A

The reduction in wave intensity as it propagates through a material

50
Q

Define acoustic impedance

A

The product of the density of a substance and the speed of the wave through it

A Level Physics Ocr A (23 decks)

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