definitions

Question 1

COPD

Answer 1

a clinical syndrome asso with dev of both chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Question 2

emphysema

Answer 2

irreversible enlargemenr of airspaces dital to terminal bronchiole accompanied by destruction of their walls without fibrosis

Question 3

chronic bronchitis

Answer 3

persistent cough with sputum prod for at least 3 months in at least 2 consecutive years in the absence of any other identifiable cause

Question 4

bronchial asthma

Answer 4

hyperactivity of bronchial tree with paroxysmal narrowing of small airways which may reverse sponteneously or aft treatment

Question 5

LEPTOMENINGITIS

Answer 5

inflammation in subarachnoid space involving arachnoid and pia mater

Question 6

pachymeningitis

Answer 6

inflammation of meningitis predominantly dura mater

Question 7

oedema

Answer 7

abnormal acc of fluid in tissue spaces

Question 8

thrombosis

Answer 8

formation of blood clot in intact vessels due to inappropriate activation of normal haemostatic process

Question 9

infarction

Answer 9

area of ischaemic necrosis caused by occlusion of arterial supply or venous drainage

Question 10

pathological calcification

Answer 10

deposition of maily Ca in abnormal tissues,with small amounts of iron,magnesium n other mineral salts

Question 11

dystrophic calcification

Answer 11

local deposition of Ca in dead/dying/degen tissues with normal plasma Ca levels

Question 12

metastatic calcification

Answer 12

deposition of Ca in normal tissues because of generalized impairment in Ca metabolism due to hypercalcemia

Question 13

shock

Answer 13

state in which diminished CO/ decrease effective circulating blood vol impairs tissue perfusion n leads to cellular hypoxia

Question 14

pneumonia

Answer 14

collection of inflammatory exudate un lung parenchyma dital to terminal bronchioles

Question 15

EMBOLISM

Answer 15

occlusion of a part of the CVS by the impaction of an embolus