Definitions

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

something which has mass and occupies space, consists of pure elements

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

A pure substance which cannot be broken down further

Question 3

Compound

Answer 3

A substance which consists of two or more elements in a fixed ratio

Question 4

Atomic number

Answer 4

Amount of protons and electrons in an element

Question 5

Atomic mass

Answer 5

The amount of protons and neutrons combined

Question 6

Isotopes

Answer 6

Atoms with the same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons (same atomic number but different atomic mass)

Question 7

Radioisotopes

Answer 7

Unstable isotopes that decay and release energy

Question 8

Radioactive tracers

Answer 8

Equipment/ substances which contain radioisotopes and which measure the speed of a chemical process or movement of a substance

Question 9

Ionic bonds

Answer 9

Transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Question 10

Covalent bond

Answer 10

Two atoms sharing a pair of valence electrons

Question 11

Electronegativity

Answer 11

The measure of an atoms attraction of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 12

Hydrogen bonding

Answer 12

When slightly positive hydrogen atoms are attracted to slightly negative nearby atoms of other elements

Question 13

Van der waals forces

Answer 13

Zones of positive and negative charge developed by non poplar molecules based on distance and not chemical reaction (weakest bond of main 4)

Question 14

Specific Heat capacity of water

Answer 14

1 calorie or 4.186j/g

Question 15

Cohesion

Answer 15

Attraction between water molecules

Question 16

Solvent

Answer 16

Liquid (such as water)

Question 17

Solute

Answer 17

Dissolved substance ( such as salt)

Question 18

Base

Answer 18

Proton acceptor ( like OH-)

Question 19

Acid

Answer 19

Proton donor (H+)

Question 20

Carbohydrates

Answer 20

Sugars and their polymers

Question 21

Isomers

Answer 21

Same chemical structure but different structures and purpose

Question 22

Enantiomers:

Answer 22

mirror imaged isomers

Question 23

Protein

Answer 23

One or more polypeptides

Question 24

Polypeptides

Answer 24

Polymers amino acids

Question 25

Oxidation

Answer 25

Loss of an electron

Question 26

Reduction

Answer 26

Gain of electrons

Question 27

Non polar

Answer 27

Equal electronegativity between atoms

Question 28

Cation

Answer 28

Ion with a positive charge

Question 29

Anion

Answer 29

Ion with a negative charge