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Anatomy and Physiology > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Coronal

A

Separates into front and back

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1
Q

Median/mid-sagittal plane

A

Separates into left and right through midline marked by the navel

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2
Q

Sagittal

A

Separates left from right

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3
Q

Transverse

A

Separates into upper and lower halves

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4
Q

Superior (cranial)

A

Nearer to the head

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4
Q

Superior (cranial)

A

Nearer to the head

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5
Q

Inferior (caudal)

A

Nearer to the feet

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6
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

Nearer to the front

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7
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Nearer to the back

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Far from the medial plane

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9
Q

Medial

A

Towards/at the midline

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10
Q

Intermediate

A

Between a more medial and a more medial lateral structure

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11
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the trunk or point of origin

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12
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the trunk or point of origin

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13
Q

Superficial

A

Nearer to or on the surface

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14
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the surface

15
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Referring to the same side of the body

16
Q

Contralateral

A

Referring to the opposite side of the body

17
Q

Flexion

A

To bend, to bring surfaces close together and make a decreasing angle between body parts

18
Q

Extension

A

To straighten, to move surfaces apart

19
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

20
Q

Adduction

A

Movements towards the midline

21
Q

X-ray

A

2D image of the body
Easily available, inexpensive
Radiation exposure
Used to diagnose: fractured/dislocated bones, pneumonia, tumours

22
Q

What is the process of an X-ray?

A

X-rays invisible to humans pass through body
Energy is absorbed
Denser parts e.g. bone - shown as white as x-rays find it difficult to pass through

23
Q

Videofluoroscopy

A

Moving X-ray of swallowing

24
Q

CT scan

A

3D image of the inside of the body

25
Q

MRI

A

Detailed cross-sectional image of a body part
Uses magnetic field and radio waves
No radiation exposure

26
Q

fMRI

A

Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Shows blood flow
Useful to map the brain

27
Q

PET

A

Position emission tomography
3D image inside the body
Dye containing radioactive tracers are used - tracer collects in areas of higher chemical activity
Radiation exposure
Used to detect cancer progress, can be useful in Dementia diagnosis

28
Q

Ultrasound

A

AKA sonogram
Uses high frequency sound waves
Ultrasound probe is used - gives off high-frequency sound waves
No radiation exposure

Anatomy and Physiology (10 decks)

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