Definitions

Question 1

Internal Bus System

Answer 1

A system of wires that connects components inside the computer

Question 2

Data Bus

Answer 2

Moves data between CPU and memory, it can both send and receive data

Question 3

Address Bus

Answer 3

Transfers addresses from the processor, received by the memory then sent and received from the input and output

Question 4

Control Bus

Answer 4

Carries instructions, it can send and receive data from all components

Question 5

What can affect the bus system speed?

Answer 5

Bus width, the number of wires

Question 6

Processor

Answer 6

The core of the computer made up of the Controller, ALU and Registers

Question 7

3 types of memory

Answer 7

Registers, Cache, RAM/Main Memory

Question 8

Registers

Answer 8

Ultra fast memory stored inside each core of the CPU

Question 9

Cache

Answer 9

Comes in several levels, stored on the CPU die but is outside the core

Question 10

RAM

Answer 10

Temporary volatile memory connected via the bus system but is physically separate

Question 11

Operating System

Answer 11

The baseline software that runs a computer

Question 12

The Kernel

Answer 12

The core functions of the OS

Question 13

User Interface

Answer 13

A method users use to interact with the OS, typically graphical or text based

Question 14

Virtual Memory

Answer 14

A section of hard drive space dedicated to holding data from Main Memory. Helps speeds up the computer but is slower than main memory

Question 15

Scheduling

Answer 15

The management of the tasks the processor is currently running

Question 16

3 goals of scheduling

Answer 16

Seeking to efficiently use the processor and other resources, allow multiple concurrent users and to ensure all tasks make progress

Question 17

How does scheduling work?

Answer 17

The Dispatcher sends an interrupt to the CPU which stores the address of the new instruction to be checked by fetch-execute cycle

Question 18

Local Area Network

Answer 18

A small network covering an area of few buildings

Question 19

Metropolitan Area Network

Answer 19

A medium network across the area of small town or city

Question 20

Wide Area Network

Answer 20

A large network over a bigger area such as a country or internationally

Question 21

Client Server Model

Answer 21

A server runs all the time, clients can connect to this when they want, sending information and the server will process this info

Question 22

Peer to Peer Model

Answer 22

All systems run at the same level and communicate as equals, making requests of each other

Question 23

What does Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) do?

Answer 23

Manage the registration of domain names, Approve Top Domains, They hand out IP Addresses

Question 24

Uniform Resource Locator

Answer 24

A human readable link to a document on the internet consisting of 5 parts

Question 25

IP Address

Answer 25

A set of numbers that uniquely identifies a machine on a network, typically assigned by a DHCP server

Question 26

Malware

Answer 26

Malicious Software that when it gets on a computer it does something that is harmful e.g trojans, viruses, spyware, worms

Question 27

Database

Answer 27

A storage system for files. Can be Flat or Relational

Question 28

Relational Database

Answer 28

A form of database where multiple tables contain different data, which are related to one another

Question 29

Primary Key

Answer 29

A unique identifier in a table for a row of data related to a single object

Question 30

Algorithm

Answer 30

An ordered set of unambiguous, executable steps that defines a terminating process

Question 31

Loop

Answer 31

A set of instructions in programming that will repeat a number of times.

Question 32

Recursion

Answer 32

A function/procedure that calls itself allowing code to repeat with different inputs based on the last time it ran

Question 33

What does a scheduler do?

Answer 33

Maintains a list of active processes, with a priority for each process