Definitions Flashcards
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)
Organisms resistant to antibiotics; requires a harsher course of action
Normal flora
Microorganisms that live on skin, throat, GI tract, and on all other surfaces
Interferon
Nonspecific chemical inhibitor secreted by the body from a viral infection response
Granulocytes
Contains granules of digestive enzymes
Agranulocytes
Lack digestive enzymes
Antigens
Foreign particles
What are Antibodies?
Specific resistance to bacteria/viral infections
HAIs (healthcare associated infections)
MDROs produced from unsuccessful sterile techniques in the healthcare environment
Opportunistic organisms
Organisms in the right place at the right time, that do not usually cause infection.
Colonization
Organisms that grow and multiply on a surface without invading
Nosocomial infection
Hospital acquired infection
SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome)
Earliest presenting symptoms of sepsis:
Fever
HR >90
RR > 20
PaCO2 < 32 mmHg
WBCs >12,000, <4,000
Sepsis
Severe systemic inflammatory response due to infection
Communicable period
Time period which disease is passed person-to-person
Communicable disease
Causative agent transmitted person-to-person
Leukocytosis
Rise in circulating WBCs above 5,000-10,000 cells/mm3
Shift to the left
Increase in # of immature cells
MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration)
Minimal amount of drug necessary to inhibit microbial growth in the lab
Superinfection
Secondary infection occurring when normal flora is destroyed
Incision
Type of acute intentional wound as part of a surgical treatment
Epidermis
Skins outer layer
Desquamation
Continuous shedding
Quality and safety
Viewed on a continuum from poor to high; quality care must be safe care.
What is Safety science?
Examine nature of safety, causes of errors, and systems for patient safety
What is RCA?
(root cause analysis)
Determining the underlying cause of an event.
What is one RCA Tool?
Ask why 5 times.
Just culture
Error evaluation that examines the nature error to determine appropriate response to person who made the error.
Sentinel events
Safety errors resulting in death or serious injury
QSEN (quality and safety education for nurses)
Designed to provide framework for the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for future nurses.
IOM (institute of medicine’s) 6 competencies:
- Patient-centered care
- Teamwork and collaboration
- Evidence-based practice (EBP)
- Quality improvement (QI)
- Safety
- Informatics
CLABSI
Central line infections
Therapeutic communication
Facilities interactions focused on patient and their concerns.
Reflection
Understanding the communication through introspections of events in care you provide
Metacommunication
All forms of communication
Advocacy
Standing up for pt rights
Written communication
Documentation to convey info to others
Verbal communication
Spoken words
Feedback
Words of encouragement , support,
Nonverbal communication
Gestures, facial expression, posture, space, appearance, body movement, touch, tone/volume, rate of speech, silence
Congruent relationship
Working together, actively understands and communicates with each other
Incongruent relationship
Saying one thing but showing another
Sender
Person with communication purpose
Encoding
Process of getting the purpose translated into code; results in a message.
Communication channel
Message carrier
Decode
Understand
Empathy
You’re putting yourself in their shoes
Circle of confidentiality
Includes all associated with the patient care
Compassion fatigue
Burnout from second hand trauma experience
Cognitive reframe
Coping skill helping with altering perception of an event and helps to overcome catastrophic thinking about said event.
Focused health assessment
Based on patients problems
Subjective data
Data the patient gives you
Objective data
Data you find
Health history
Past medical happenings
Secondary data
Sources before you introduce yourself
Primary data
Gathered from patient directly
