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Motor Speech > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormal Pitch

A

Pitch is consistently too low or too high for age and sex

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2
Q

Pitch Breaks

A

Pitch shows sudden and uncontrolled variation

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3
Q

Monopitch

A

Voice is characterized by monopitch or monotone. Voice lacks normal pitch variation

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4
Q

Voice Tremor

A

Voice shows fairly regular tremor, usually in 4-7 Hz range

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5
Q

Monoloudness

A

Voice shows monotony of loudness. It lacks normal variations in loudness

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6
Q

Excess Loudness Variation

A

Voice shows sudden, uncontrolled alterations in loudness, sometimes becoming too loud, sometimes too quiet

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7
Q

Loudness Decay

A

Progressive diminution or decay of loudness within an utterance

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8
Q

Alternating Loudness

A

Alternating changes in loudness within an utterance

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9
Q

Loudness Level (overall)

A

Voice is up sufficiently or excessively loud

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10
Q

Harsh Voice

A

Voice is harsh, rough, and raspy

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11
Q

Hoarse (wet) Voice

A

There is wet, “liquid sounds” hoarseness

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12
Q

Breathy Voice, or Breathiness (continuous)

A

Voice is continuously breathy

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13
Q

Breathy Voice, or Breathiness (transient)

A

Breathiness is transient or itermittent

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14
Q

Strained (strained-strangled) Voice

A

Voice quality sounds strained or strangled (an apparently effortful squeezing of voice through glottis)

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15
Q

Voice Stoppages (interruptions/arrests)

A

There are sudden stoppages of voice, as if airflow has been impeded

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16
Q

Hypernasality

A

Resonance is excessively nasally

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17
Q

Hyponasality

A

Resonance is hyponasal/denasal

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18
Q

Nasal Emission

A

There is nasal emission of air during speech, sometimes audible

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19
Q

Forces Inspiration-Expiration

A

Speech is interrupted by sudden inspiration or expiration

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20
Q

Audible Inspiration

A

Audible, breathy inspiration

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21
Q

Grunt at End of Expiration

A

There is a grunt at the end of expiration during speech

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22
Q

Rate, slow or fast

A

A rate of speech that is abnormally slow or rapid

23
Q

Short Phrases

A

Phrases are short, possibly because inspirations occur more often than normal. It sounds as if the speaker has run out of air. Often associated with reduced maximum vowel duration

24
Q

Increased Rate in Segments (accelerated rate)

A

Rate increases progressively within given segments of connected speech

25
Q

Increased Rate of Overall (rapid rate)

A

Rate increases progressively from beginning to end of sample

26
Q

Reduced Stress

A

Speech shows reduction of proper stress or emphasis patterns

27
Q

Variable Rate

A

Rate varies within or across utterances

28
Q

Prolonged Intervals

A

There is prolongation of inter word or intersyllable intervals

29
Q

Inappropriate Silences

A

There are inappropriate silent intervals

30
Q

Short Rushes of Speech

A

There are short, rapid rushes of speech separated by pauses

31
Q

Excess and Equal Stress

A

There is excess stress on usually unstressed syllables or parts of speech

32
Q

Imprecise Consonants/Articulation

A

Consonants lack precision. They show inadequate sharpness, distortions, and lack crispness

33
Q

Prolonged Phonemes

A

Phonemes are prolonged

34
Q

Repeated Phonemes or Syllables

A

There are slow or rapid repetitions of phonemes

35
Q

Irregular Articulatory Breakdowns

A

There are intermittent, no systematic breakdowns in articulatory precision

36
Q

Distorted Vowels

A

Vowels are distorted in their phonetic accuracy

37
Q

Diplophonia

A

Simultaneous perception of two different pitches

38
Q

Vocal Flutter

A

Rapid, relatively low-amplitude voice tremor or tremulousness (perceived as in the 7-12 Hz range), usually most apparent during vowel prolongation

39
Q

Reduced Maximum Vowel Duration

A

Maximum vowel duration is reduced, often reflecting respiratory and/or laryngeal weakness

40
Q

Inhalatory Stridor

A

Similar to audible inspiration but characterized by actual rough phonation due to vocal fold approximation and oscillation during inhalation

41
Q

Palatal-Pharyngeal-Laryngeal Myoclonus/Slow Tremor

A

1-4 Hz rhythmic tremor-like “beats” in the voice, sometimes sufficient to cause brief voice arrests, usually heard only during vowel prolongation

42
Q

Weak (sometimes nasalized) pressure consonants

A

Pressure consonants lack acoustic distinctiveness or are weak because of excessive nasal airflow or incomplete articulatory contacts during their production; may have a nasal quality

43
Q

Slow AMR’s or Fast AMR’s

A

Speech AMR’s are slow or fast

44
Q

Irregular AMR’s

A

Speech AMR’s are irregular in duration, pitch, or loudness

45
Q

Galloping AMR’s

A

AMR’s produced with a recurring, rhythmic cadence

46
Q

Vocal Tics (involuntary noises/sounds)

A

Repetitive, rapid, apparently involuntary noises or sounds (i.e., throat clearing, lip smacking, grunting) produced in isolation or during voluntary speech

47
Q

Palilalia

A

Compulsive repetition of words or phrases, usually in a context of accelerating rate and decreasing loudness

48
Q

Coprolalia

A

Involuntary, compulsive, repetitive obscene language or swearing, uttered loudly, softly, or incompletely

49
Q

Distorted Substitutions

A

Sound substitutions that are also distorted (i.e., imprecise, poorly distinguished voicing features, abnormal resonance)

50
Q

Distorted Additions

A

Sound additions that are also distorted

51
Q

Distorted Articulatory Groping

A

Audible or visible groping for articulatory postures in which sounds are distorted or movements are awkward or slow

52
Q

Syllable Segmentation

A

Syllables in multisyllablic utterances are segmented from one another, as if produced as separate, not coarticulated units

53
Q

Increased Errors with Increased Rate

A

Distorted substitutions, additions, or groping increase as utterance length or complexity increases

54
Q

Poorly Produced SMR’s

A

SMR’s are characterized by distorted substitutions, additions, repetitions, or groping; any sequencing errors are distorted; rate is usually slower than AMR’s

Motor Speech (2 decks)

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