Definitions Flashcards
Accession
When a nation-state enters into a treaty that has already been formed after it has been negotiated and signed by other states.
(entering pre-formed treaty)
Assembly
A group of people gathered together in one place for common purpose
Formal agreement entered into by two nation states
Bilateral agreement
Civil Rights
A class of rights that protect individuals’ freedom from infringement by government, social organisations and private individuals
Convention
Similar to a treaty, but more on specific matters and issues, and sometimes a less formal nature. (used synonymously with covenant and treaty)
Covenant
Similar to convention in use and effect; used synonymously with covenant and treaty.
Public meeting or march protesting against something or expressing views or on a political issue.
Demonstration.
Freedom of Expression
the right to express your opinion on any medium; a human right under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and recognised in international human rights law in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
Freedom of opinion
The right to communicate one’s opinions and ideas without fear of government retaliation or censorship
What is a human right, and what are the four key components
Human rights fundamental rights that are considered to belong to every person regardless of race, gender, age, nationality or religion
- Inalienable
- Indivisible
- Universal
- Interdependent
Human Right treaty
an agreement and obligation undertaken by signatory nations to ensure that everyone enjoys the human rights set out in the treaty
a right that is not clearly outlined in the Australian Constitution but suggested or inferred in the text.
Implied right
International Laws
a body of rules established by custom or treaty and recognised by nations as binding in their relations with one another
formal agreement entered into by more than two nation-states
Multilateral agreement
Protest
a statement or action expressing disapproval or objection to something.
Ratification
process of full adoption of the obligations imposed by a treaty or covenant into Australian law by the passing of legislation through the federal parliament that mirrors and enacts the treaty obligations
Rally
a mass meeting of people making a political protest or showing support for a cause.
Right
the privilege or power to be able to do something; some rights are recognised by law
Reservation
when a nation-state does not wish to be bound by every provision in a treaty so ratifies only the parts of the treaty by which it does agree to be bound.
Regulated Right
a right that is regulated, defined and controlled in legislation.
the concept that a government exercises full control over affairs within a geographical or territorial limit; this means it can pass laws and enforce them within this area and exists as an essentially independent legal and political body in this space. Article 2.1 confirms equal sovereignty of all members of United Nations
Sovereignty
States
Countries recognised as having legal standing under international law as they have a defined territory, one government and a permanent population coupled with the ability to enter relationships recognised by law with other states
Treaties
Formalised agreement between two or more nations about a particular area of mutual interest; often used synonymously with covenant and convention
the idea that a state has the right to its own territory and another state should not do anything to infringe that right.
Territorial integrity
