Definition's

Question 1

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Answer 1

A spectrum of diseases which all share similar pathophysiology of a partially or totally occlusive thrombous ( disrupted atherosclerotic lesion)- Unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI

Question 2

Supraventricular Tachycardia

Answer 2

SVT refers to any tachycardia originating at or above the AV node with a rapid HR >100bpm

Question 3

Acute Pulmonary Oedema

Answer 3

A condition caused by cardiac or non cardiac causes, characterised by diminished lymphatic drainage and hydrostatic pressure overcoming oncotic colloid pressure, resulting in a build up of fluid in the pulmonary circuit, reducing gas exchange and resulting in respiratory distress

Question 4

Asthma

Answer 4

Acute, reversible, episodic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterised by mucosal oedema, mucosal plugging and bronchospasm

Question 5

COPD

Answer 5

Definition: Chronic, progressive, irreversible obstructive pulmonary disease characterised by difficult expiration. 3 common pulmonary obstructive diseases; asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

Question 6

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 6

An embolic thrombus from the venous circulatory system (usually the lower leg) initiated by blood hypercoagulability, venostasis or venous injury causing blockage to the pulmonary circuit leading to hypoxemia, respiratory or cardiac arrest and death

Question 7

Diabetes

Answer 7

A Chronic endocrine disorder characterised by the inability to produce insulin, insulin resistance or both resulting in an inability to regulate glucose levels in the blood potentially leading to an acute episode of hypoglycemia or hyperglycaemia

Question 8

DKA

Answer 8

Acute, life threatening complication of mainly IDDM leading to the metabolism of fats and protein for energy production, resulting in ketone production, dehydration and metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Seizures

Answer 9

An episode of abnormal nerological function caused by an inappropriate electrical discharge of brain neurons

Question 10

Sepsis

Answer 10

A serious medical condition that is characterised by a whole body inflammatory state in the presence of a known suspected infection

Question 11

Meningococcal Septicaemia

Answer 11

A rapidly progressing, life threatening systemic inflammatory response to bacterial infection as it enters the bloodstream, characterised by flu-like symptoms and a purpuric rash, resulting in Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, cardiovascular collapse