Assessments and General Knowledge CPG stuff.

Question 1

Causes of altered consciousness

Answer 1

Alcohol/drug intoxication 
Epilepsy (post ictal) 
Insulin (diabetic) or other metabolic problem 
Overdose or oxygen (hypoxia) 
Underdose (of medication or drug/alcohol withdrawal) 
Trauma to the head 
Infection 
Pain or psychiatric condition 
Stroke or TIA

Question 2

Suspected anaphylaxis ( RASH)

Answer 2

Sudden onset of symptoms (Usually < 30 min or up to 4 hours )
and 
Respiratory distress 
Abdominal symptoms 
Skin/mucosal symptoms 
Hypotension (altered conscious state)

OR
Isolated hypotension (SBP < 90mmHg) following exposure to known antigen
OR
Isolated respiratory distress following exposure to known antigen

Question 3

Signs & symptoms of a fracture

Answer 3

Pain 
Irregularity 
Loss of movement or power 
Swelling 
Deformity 
Unnatural movement 
Crepitus 
Tenderness

Question 4

Mass Stroke Assessment

Answer 4

Facial droop – Pt to show teeth or smile

Speech - Pt to repeat “ you can’t teach an old dog new tricks”

Hand grip – Pt to squeeze your fingers

In a setting on a normal BGL , an abnormal finding in one or more of the following is positive for suspicion of stroke

Question 5

Sepis Criteria

Answer 5

2 or More 
Temp > 38 or <36
HR > 90bpm
RR > 20
Bp < 90mmHg

Question 6

Traumatic Head injury

Answer 6

5 min of Loc 
More than 1 Vomit
Neurological deficit
Seizure
Skull Fractures

Question 7

Burns % for 10 years - adult in relation to body regions

Answer 7

Head 9%
Torso 18 % front ( abdomen and chest)
Back 18%
Arm  9% in total circumference (each)
Leg 18% in total circumference (each)
Groin 1%

Question 8

Correctable causes for PEA ?

Answer 8

Hypoxia
Exsanguination
Asthma
Tension pneumothorax
Anaphylaxis
Upper airway obstruction

Question 9

Supra- Glottic Airway Contraindications

Answer 9

Intact gag reflex or resistance to insertion
Strong jaw tone or trismus
Suspected eipglottitis or upper airway obstruction

Question 10

CPAP Contraindications

Answer 10

GCS < 13
Facial trauma
Pneumothorax
Active Vomiting
Life threatening arrhythmias
Pt requiring airway management
Hypoventilation

Question 11

Indications for CPAP

Answer 11

Sp02 of < 90% on room air ( or 95% on supplemental 02)

Question 12

Chest decompression (SMART)

Answer 12

Second intercostal space
Mid-clavicular line (avoiding medical placement )
Above rib below (avoiding neurovascular bundle)
Right angles to chest
Towards body of vertebrae