Definition questions Flashcards
Career Education
- career is important
- difficult to choose a career
- guide students as to how to prepare themselves for the work environment.
- should be taught from preprimary until secondary school.
- early childhood development stages - focus on career awareness rather than specific career choices.
Educational Guidance
- Need educational guidance for everything to do with learning.
- Discover how learners learn and why they struggle with school work and find solutions to problems.
- Educational Issues:
- -Study methods
- -Educational Support
- -Parents’ unrealistic expectations
- -Teachers’ unrealistic expectations
- -Students’ motivation to learn
- -Educational problems do not happen in isolation. Consider other facets.
Personal/ Social Guidance
Need emotional guidance because of negative emotions Feel lonely Indecisive Inadequate Rejected Inferior Hatred towards themselves Need to transform negative emotions into positive emotions Need because of crisis Moving schools Death in family Abuse
Aptitudes, Abilities & Skills
- develops from birth
- potential to reach specific level of competence.
- refers to what comes naturally.
- example: child who has ability to sing may develop musical skills as adolescent.
- takes dedication to transform abilities into skills.
Personality
- unique characteristics that separate us from each-other and are defined by:
- behaviour.
- they way we are.
- the way we appear to be.
- how people perceive us.
- example some people are or appear to be shy and others confident.
- should consider uniqueness when choosing career
Learning Modes
There are 7 modes of learning that we refer to when giving educational guidance.
These modes of learning have to be dealt with in unison not in isolation.
We have to know these modes before giving educational guidance.
They are as follows:
Sensing
Start of all learning through 5 senses.
Paying Attention
learner has to want to learn to learn. Can not just rely on senses.
Perceiving
identify learning content through this sense.
Thinking
allows us to problem solve. Focuses on analysing, arranging, reasoning and synthesising learning content.
2 types of thought development:
reproductive thought: prior knowledge that is recalled.
productive thought: new ideas that are formed by connecting prior knowledge to what is being learned.
Imagining
Go beyond reality and enter world of non-reality.
Fantasising
Project yourself into the unknown
Memory
recall information learned at later stage. Allows learner to connect prior knowledge to new ideas.
Hyperactivity
2 forms: sensory-hyperactivity & motor hyperactivity
sensory-hyperactivity - responds to all stimuli regardless of importance.
motor hyperactivity - has to touch everything.
Language Deficiencies
difficult to express themselves verbally and in writing.
limited vocabulary and poor comprehension.
Facilitator
Big difference between Facilitator and Teacher.
Facilitator helps students but they don’t direct them. They allow them to figure things out for themselves - use their own knowledge, values and skills.
Don’t take lead so learners learn from them in unique way.
Role of facilitator is important because learners need to apply their practical skills especially in Life Skills - facilitator allows learners to be more active and less passive.
Cooperative Learning
different from traditional learning which is focused on the individual and very competitive.
promotes working as organised teams.
work together to meet shared goals.
cooperative learning activities allow learners to benefit themselves and each other.
educator plans, prepares, introduces and gives activities to learners and they then assist each other to reach goals while educator monitors. Then educator assesses and gives feedback.
Facets of Guidance
3 Facets of Guidance
Personal & Social
Educational
Vocational
Self-Knowledge
Is what we know about our personalities & aptitudes, abilities and skills that allows us to know what we are and are not capable of.
Self-picture is how we perceive ourselves - true or false, negative or positive.
self knowledge is important as it makes us independent, confident and mature and helps in decision making.
choices we make depend on how we view ourselves.
need to know who we are as individuals but also how we are similar to one another.
Decision Making Skills
- Ability to choose between different solutions to a problem
- mental process which involves the mind
- can be improved with practice
- learners need to be taught how to arrive at decision.
- learners must be made aware of the difference between simple and complex decisions.
- learners mustn’t be forced or pressured to make decisions.
Life Skills
- Abilities that allow us to be able to do certain things that are essential to cope in life and overcome challenges.
- All have a set of different aptitudes and abilities and therefore should learn life skills that are applicable to us.
Thinking Skills
Difficult to define thinking when thinking about it.
About forming connections between prior knowledge & what is learned.
In Education it is about giving meaning to what is being learned by experiencing it. For example giving meaning to words by reading them.
Thinking skills refer to exercising our ability to think to improve our thinking abilities.
Helps us to make better plans, think more creatively & explain things in a more interesting way.
Thinking Skills include: Reading, Writing, Problem-solving, Decision making Critical Thinking, Computer Skills, Creativity, Study & Memory.
