Defining and non-defining relative clauses

Question 1

pronoun:
a word that is used instead of a (…) or (…), for example he, it, hers, me, them, etc.

Answer 1

noun
noun phrase

Question 2

relative:
referring to an earlier (…), (…) or (…)of a sentence.
In ‘the man who came’, ‘who’ is a (…) and ‘who came’ is a (…).

Answer 2

noun
sentence
part
relative pronoun
relative clause

Question 3

A clause is a group of words that contains

Answer 3

subject and a predicate

Question 4

Relative clauses contain a relative pronoun: (…)

Answer 4

which, that,
where, who, whose, whom

Question 5

You can use **relative clauses ** in sentences to
provide (…) about (…).

Answer 5

additional information
nouns

Question 6

(…) provide (…) which
(…) ‘who’ or ‘what’ is being referred to
The artist who painted the pictures in this gallery has used
very vibrant colours.

Answer 6

Defining clauses
essential information
identifies

Question 7

(…) clauses provide (…),
which can be (…). You need to use (…) at the
beginning and the end of the clause. In speech, you
indicate a non-defining clause by pausing briefly at the
commas.
The square, which is very small with many old buildings,
is my favourite place in Paris.

Answer 7

Non-defining
additional information
left out
commas

Question 8

You (…) the (…) in (…) clauses when it (…) of the clause.

The square, which I visit very frequently, is my favourite
place in Paris. (NOT The square, I visit very frequently, is
my favourite place in Paris.)

Answer 8

cannot leave out
relative pronoun
non-defining
is the object

Question 9

You (…) use (…) to introduce a (…) clause.
The square, that is very small with many old buildings, is
my favourite place in Paris.

Answer 9

cannot
that
non-defining

Question 10

You use that or which when referring to (…). You use
which rather than that with (…).
My mobile phone, for which I paid a lot of money, has
been stolen. (NOT My mobile phone, for that I paid a lot of
money.)

Answer 10

things
prepositions

Question 11

You use who or whom when referring to (…). You can
use whom as the (…) of the word who. Whom is more
(…) and it is (…) often used in (…).

Answer 11

people
object
formal
not
speech

Question 12

ou use whom with (…). This is quite formal
and is only used in formal writing.
The manager to whom I sent the cheque has disappeared

Answer 12

prepositions

Question 13

You use whose to show that something (…) someone.
That’s the film director whose film just won the award.

Answer 13

belongs to

Question 14

You use when when referring to a (…) and why when
referring to a (…). You can (…) when and why in
(…) clauses.
The reason (why) the bridge looks so elegant is the
materials used.

Answer 14

time
reason
leave out
defining

Question 15

You use where when referring to a (…).
You cannot (…) where in (…) clauses.
The town where I was brought up has expanded.
(NOT The town I was brought up has expanded.)

Answer 15

place
leave out
defining

Question 16

A relative clause tells us (…) or thing (or what kind of
person or thing) the speaker (…):
the woman who lives next door to me
(‘who lives next door to me’ tells us which woman)

Answer 16

which person
means

Question 17

You must use (…) when it is the (…) of the relative clause

Answer 17

who/that/which
subject