Defining Abnormality

Question 1

What is statistical infrequency! Give two disadvantages

Answer 1

Behaviour that is rarely Seen in the general public eg high in
Doesn’t distinguish between bad and good eg high and low iq
So many people suffer from depression so it isn’t an infrequent statistic but it still needs to be treated

Question 2

What is deviation from social norms! Give two disadvantages and one advantage

Answer 2

Something seen as socially unacceptable or undesirable
:( - Homosexuality may be seen by some as socially unacceptable but doesn’t make someone mentally ill
- something may be part of a culture
- depression isn’t always clear

:) - protect society from unacceptable behaviour
- treatments

Question 3

What is failure to function adequately? Give two disadvantages and one advantage

Answer 3

Person is unable to engage in daily activities
:( - Deciding what is adequate is subjective
- many people with ocd and depression still maintain a job
- may not be functioning adequately due to other reasons

:)- many people seek treatment when they can’t work
- assesses the severity of abnormality

Question 4

What is Jahodas six criteria for deviation from ideal mental health

Answer 4

PPRAMS 
P - positive self attitude 
R- reality 
R- resistance to stress 
A - autonomy 
M - mastery 
S - elf actualisation

Question 5

Give advantages and disadvantages of Jahodas criteria

Answer 5

:( - would categorise almost everyone as mentally ill as no on can fit all

• come aren’t valued in all cultures - autonomy in Saudi Arabia
• impossible to Measure

:) - can people become better people even if they are not mentally ill

Question 6

What is a phobia

Answer 6

Persistent, intense and irrational fear of certain situations of objects
Eg social, specific or acrophobia

Question 7

What are the clinical symptoms of phobias

Answer 7

Cognitive : Distorted thinking and aware the fear is irrational
Emotional: fear and distress
Behavioural: great lengths to avoid - shaking, crying

Question 8

What is ocd

Answer 8

Person experienced intrusive thoughts that they find unpleasant
Uncontrollable urge to engage in behaviours to stop the fear (compulsions)

Question 9

What are the clinical symptoms of ocd

Answer 9

Cognitive: realisation of irrational thoughts
Behavioural: go to great lengths to avoid triggers
Emotional: anxiety and panic, guilt and disgust

Question 10

What is depression - uni/bipolar

Answer 10

Unipolar: depressed mood and diminished interest in pleasure in activities
Bipolar: periods for weeks of depressed mood, and manic phases where they have elated mood and dilutions

Question 11

What are the clinical symptoms of unipolar depression

Answer 11

Emotional: low mood, hopelessness, irritability
Behavioural: in active, sleep disturbances, changes in appetite