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Engineering Science N2 > Define > Flashcards

Define Flashcards

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1
Q

Vectors

A

A vector is a physical quantity having a specific magnitude as well as direction.

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2
Q

Scalars

A

A scalar is a physical quantity that has only a magnitude but no direction.

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3
Q

Distance

A

Distance is the path length between 2 points without regard for direction. Distance is quantity scalar and has only magnitude.

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4
Q

Displacement

A

Displacement is the straight line length between 2 points in a specific direction. Displacement is a vector quantity and has magnitude and direction.

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5
Q

Speed

A

Speed is the rate of change of distance. Speed is therefore a scalar quantity and has only magnitude.

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6
Q

Velocity

A

Velocity is the rate of change of displacement. Velocity is therefore a vector quantity and has magnitude and direction.

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7
Q

Acceleration

A

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Acceleration is therefore a vector quantity and has magnitude and direction.

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8
Q

System of forces

A

A system of forces refers to a collection of individual forces acting on an object or system.

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9
Q

Equilibrium

A

Equilibrium is the state of an object in which all the individual forces exerted upon an object are balance.

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10
Q

Equilibrant of forces

A

A single force that keeps a system of forces in equilibrium. The equilibrium is equal to the size of the resultant of forces but in 180 opposite direction.

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11
Q

Resultant

A

A single force that can replace 2 or more forces acting on an object and still have the same effect.

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12
Q

Couple

A

A pair of forces of equal magnitude, turning in the same direction about a fulcrum, but are situated on opposite sides of the fulcrum.

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13
Q

Energy

A

Energy is the ability of an object or body to do work.

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14
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses as a result of its mass and movement.

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15
Q

Potential energy

A

Potential energy is the energy an object possesses as a result of its mass and position above a certain zero potential.

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16
Q

Momentum

A

Momentum is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.

17
Q

Work done

A

Work is the energy needed to apply a force to move an object a particular distance.

18
Q

Power

A

The rate at which work is done per unit time.

19
Q

Efficiency

A

Efficiency is a comparison of the energy output to the energy input in a given system.

20
Q

Static friction

A

Static friction is the a force that keeps an object at rest. Static friction opposes the initial movement.

21
Q

Kinetic friction

A

Kinetic friction is a force that acts between moving surfaces. Kinetic friction opposes the force causing the movement, after the object is in motion.

22
Q

Coefficient of friction

A

Ratio of the frictional force resisting the motion of two surfaces in contact to the normal force pressing the two surfaces together.

23
Q

Heat

A

Heat is a form of energy and always flows from an object with a certain temperature to an object with a lower temperature.

24
Q

Temperature

A

Is the indication of the degree or intensity of heat contained in an object.

25
Q

Heat capacity

A

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the entire mass of the substance by 1 degree C.

26
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 degree C.

27
Q

Heat value

A

The amount of heat set free of generated when a unit quantity of a combustible burns out completely at normal temperature and pressure.

28
Q

Coefficient of linear expansion

A

The rate of change of unit length per unit degree change in temperature.

29
Q

Saturated Temperature

A

The temperature for a corresponding saturation pressure at which a liquid boils into its vapor phase.

30
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an element that can function on its own and still contain the properties of that specific element.

31
Q

Molecule

A

the smallest chemical unit of a substance that can exist independently with the properties of the specific connection.

32
Q

Element

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

33
Q

Covalent bond

A

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.

34
Q

Ionic bond

A

A chemical bond in which one atom gives up a valence electron to another atom, thereby generating an electrical force that holds the atoms together.

35
Q

Electrolytes

A

A substance that breaks up into ions (particles with electrical charges) when it is dissolved in water

36
Q

Electrolysis

A

The process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change.

37
Q

Electromagnetic induction

A

When a current is produced because of voltage production due to a changing magnetic field.

Engineering Science N2 (3 decks)

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