Defiance Campaign Flashcards
When was the Defiance Campaign?
1952
Who conducted the Defiance Campaign?
ANC - African National Congress.
Explain the first stage of the Defiance Campaign.
Local Protests - Supporters would break the law e.g refusing to carry passes, inviting themselves for arrest.
What was the idea/concept behind the Defiance Campaign law breaking?
The sheer number of those arrested would exceed the authorities’ ability to cope and show the weight of opposition to apartheid.
Give the second stage of the Defiance Campaign.
Nationwide strikes and protests.
Why did the campaign fizzle out in South Africa?
- Few Africans actually became involved.
- The government responded with supressive measures.
What was the population of East London?
35,000
What happened in East London?
- Protestors of 1500 held rallies shouting ANC slogans.
- Sat on white-only benches.
- Used white-only toilets.
- Willing to be arrested.
How did leader lose control of the crowds?
Townships gangs started to attend meetings and advocate violence.
How many white people died?
2
How many African deaths did offical police reports record? Were these accurate?
7 and 18 seriously injured.
- No, it was thought that there were many more deaths.
What did the ANC do in response to these events?
Called off the Defiance Campaign nationally.
Despite the disasterous turn of events, what happened to the ANC membership?
- It rose from 4,000 to over 10,000.
- The ANC also gained a mass following for the first time.
