Defense Mechanisms, Tx, and Notable Contributions (Quiz 1+Midterm)) Flashcards
What is denial?
-defense mechanism
-involves a refusal when accepting reality by blocking external events from their awareness
-if a situation if too much to handle for someone, they may respond by refusing to accept it and denying that it exists
________________ is the redirection of an impulse (aggression) onto a powerless target (can be a person or a symbolic object). This individual’s mind is transferring energy from a repressed source to a more “acceptable” object
Projection
_______________ involves a cognitive distortion of “facts” to make an event or an impulse less threatening. Many people do it often within a conscious headspace by providing excuses for our actions. When a person finds a situation difficult to accept, they will make up logical reasons as to why it occurred
Rationalization
__________________ is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual goes beyond denial and behaves the complete opposite of how they are feeling. A key characteristic is when they strongly believe in something, but become angry when someone disagrees with them about it
Reaction formation
_________________ is a defense mechanism where the ego reverts to an earlier stage of development as a response to a stressful situation. This is a form of retreat, which enables an individual’s mind to go back to a time where they felt safer
Regression
_____________ is an unconscious defense mechanism employed by an individual’s ego which blocks disturbing or threatening thoughts from becoming real. These thoughts may appear through an individual’s subconscious through dreams, or “slips”, sometimes referred to as “sober thoughts are drunk words”
Repression
________________ is when an individual directs feelings to someone important in their life (such as a parent) towards someone else. This tends to be an unconscious effort based on childhood experiences and internal conflicts
Transference
________________ is similar to transference but takes place when an individual manages to displace their unacceptable emotions into acceptable behaviors. Sports is a good example, where individuals may put their negative emotions into something more constructive
Sublimation
What treatment is this?
-gradual, repeated exposure to the source of your specific phobia and the related thoughts, feelings, and sensations to learn to manage your anxiety regarding that thing or situation
exposure therapy
What treatment is this?
-behavioral therapy based on classical conditioning
-they aim to remove fearful response and substitute it with a relaxation response
-this type of therapy gradually exposes a patient to their fear to slowly overcome it
systemic desensitization
What treatment is this?
-core part of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)
-common treatment for problems like depression, anxiety, and binge eating
-deals with recognizing inaccuracies in your own thought pattern by mentally reframing and practicing techniques to help you reshape negative thought patterns
cognitive reconstructing
What treatment is this?
-used in cognitive behavior therapy and behavior therapy in which learning occurs through observation and imitation alone, without comment, or reinforcement by the therapist
-behavior modification through observing and then imitating a model person
modeling
Who studied motivation and behavior and developed the idea that behavior is determined by its consequence, by their reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely that the behavior will occur?
BF Skinner
What are the hierarchy of needs?
1) physiological needs (air, water, food)
2) safety needs (personal security, employment, and health)
3) love and belonging (friendship and intimacy)
4) esteem (respect, self-esteem, status)
5) highest of the pyramid/hierarchy= self actualization (the desire to become the most that one can be)
Who believed that the conscious self was intrinsic to psychology?
Mary Whiton Calkins
