Defence against disease - zoonoses Flashcards
What are zoonotic diseases?
Diseases that can cross the species barrier from animal to human
Zoonotic diseases pose significant health risks due to the close relationships between humans and animals.
What is a species-specific disease?
A disease that cannot cross the species barrier
Species-specific diseases may be limited due to various factors.
What are two reasons a species-specific disease may not infect another species?
- Lack of necessary receptors in the other species
- Body temperature not reaching required levels for disease development
Why is the rise of zoonotic diseases a growing global concern?
Due to close relationships between humans and animals, making control and eradication difficult
This interconnectedness can lead to pandemics, as seen with COVID-19.
What potential consequence can arise from zoonotic diseases?
They may lead to pandemics
The COVID-19 pandemic is an example of zoonotic disease spreading to humans.
Fill in the blank: Zoonotic diseases can initially emerge from _______ populations before developing into human-only strains.
animal
What is an example of a zoonotic disease that developed into a human-only strain?
HIV
HIV is believed to have originated from primate populations before affecting humans.
True or False: All diseases are species-specific.
False
Some diseases can infect multiple species, while others are specific to one.
What is a challenge posed by zoonotic diseases regarding animal products?
Zoonotic diseases can affect animal products, posing further issues for control
This can impact food safety and public health.
Give examples of zoonoses.
- Tuberculosis (believed to be humans)
- Bird flu (geese)
- HIV (chimpanzee)
- Rabies (bats)
- Japanese encephalitis (mosquito)
What is a recent example of zoonosis?
COVID-19
