Deeper Head and Neck Flashcards
Temporal fossa
Above zygomatic arch
Temporalis m and fascia
CNV3 and maxillary a
Pterion common site of epidural haematoma
Infratemporal fossa
Below zygomatic arch
Deep to ramus of mandible
Infratemporal fossa mm
Pterygoids
Mm attached to styloid process partially in fossa
Infratemporal fossa floor
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
LVP and TVP
Mandibular division course and branches
Exits skull via foramen ovale Branches to mm of mastication Buccal n Auriculotemporal n Lingual n Inferior alveolar n (and its mental branch)
Maxillary a from and supplies
Terminal branch of external carotid a
Infratemporal fossa, dura and skull, mm of mastication, maxilla, mandible, teeth, nasal cavity, palate
Middle meningeal branch of maxillary a
Enters skull via foramen spinosum
Anterior branch deep to pterion
Pterygoid plexus
Drains area supplied by maxillary a
Forms maxillary vv
Pterygopalatine fossa location
Deep in infratemporal fossa
Between maxilla and sphenoid (lateral plate of pterygoid process)
Many foramina within
Superficial entrance is superior part of pterygomaxillary fissure
Palatine bone deep in fossa
Pterygopalatine fossa structures
Maxillary a enters via pterygomaxillary fissure
Cn V2 enters via foramen rotundum and distribute through various foramina
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Preganglionic axons from superior salivatory/lacrimal nucleus via CN VII
Postganglionic axons to nasal cavity, palate and lacrimal gland via CNV2 branches
Submandibular gland
Location
Relations
Duct
Wraps around posterior edge mylohyoid
Facial a and v
Duct open at sublingual papilla
Duct close to lingual n
Sublingual gland
Location
Ducts
Relations
Superior to mylohyoid
Ducts open at sublingual folds
Submandibular duct
Branches of lingual a, v, n
Parotid gland
Location
Relations
Duct
Superficial and posterior to massester and ramus of mandible
CN VII, aurciulotemporal n (CN V3), external carotid, maxillary and superficial temporal a and v, retromandibular v
Duct superficial to masseter, pierces buccinator, opens in vestibule of mouth opposite 2nd upper molar
PS innervation submandibular sublingual glands
Superior salivatory nucleus (caudal pons)
CN VII (chorda tympani, joins lingual n CN V3 in infratemporal fossa)
Submandibular ganglion
Lingual n or separately to glands
PS innervation parotid glands
Inferior salivary nucleus (medulla) CN IX Otic ganglion (in infratemporal fossa) Auriculotemporal n (CN V3)
PS innervation lacrimal, nasal, palate glands
Superior salivary nucleus (caudal pons)
CN VII (via greater petrosal n)
Pterygopalatine ganglion
CN V2 branches to nasal cavity and palate glands
CN V2 to CN V1 branch (lacrimal n) to lacrimal gland
Nasal cavity and palate blood supply
Branches from sphenopalatine a (branch of maxillary a)
Enters nasal cavity via sphenopalatine foramen, from pterygopalatine fossa
Ant, sup nasal cavity ophthalmic a branches
Near vestibule facial a branch
Nasal cavity and palate innervation
Mostly CN V3 branches
Ant, sup nasal cavity from branches of nasocilliary n (CN V1)
Teeth neurovasculature
Superior and inferior alveolar aa, vv, nn
Aa from maxillary a
Tongue nn
Lingual n (from CN V3) gen sensation ant tongue CN VII (branches run with lingual n and chorda tympani) taste sensation ant tongue CN IX sensation post tongue CN XII motor all tongue mm except palatoglossus (CN X)
Tongue blood supply
Lingual a from ECA Lingual vv (with lingual a and CN XII) join common facial v to, drain into IJV
Oral cavity lymph
Ant tongue to submental and submandibular, to DCN including jugulo-omohyoid
Post tongue to DCN including jugulo-digastric
Arytenoid cartilages processes
Vocal process
Muscular process
Larynx mm abduct/adduct vocal folds
Posterior cricoarytenoid (abduct) Lateral cricoarytenoid (adduct) Transverse arytenoid (adduct)
Larynx mm adjust tension on vocal folds
Cricothyroid (lengthen/increase tension)
Thyroarytenoid (shorten/decrease tension)
Vocalis (adjust tension, vary length that vibrates)
Larynx mm narrow laryngeal opening
Oblique arytenoid
Aryepiglottic
Thyroepiglottic
Adduct aryepiglottic folds and/or pull epiglottis posteriorly
Larynx blood vessels
Superior laryngeal a from superior thyroid a
Inferior laryngeal a from inferior thyroid a
Larynx lymph
To DCN
Pharynx blood vessels
Branches from
Inferior thyroid a (from thyrocervical trunk, subclavian a)
Superior thyroid a, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary aa (all from ECA)
Pharynx lymph
Tonsils (pharyngeal, lingual, palatine) lymphoid aggregations in mucosa of pharynx
Lymph from pharynx drains to retropharyngeal nodes then DCN
