Deep Muscles (Back) - GREYS ANATOMY Flashcards
What are deep muscles of the back innervated by?
Segmental branches of the posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nerves
Where to deep muscles of the back extend to/from?
Extend from the pelvis to the skull
Name the extensors and rotators of the head and neck
Splenius capitis and crevicis
Name the extensors of the vertebral column
Erector spinae
Name the short segmental muscles muscles
Interspinales and intertransversarii
What does the thoracolumar fascia cover?
Deep muscles of back and trunk
- overall organisation of the region
- overall integrity of the region
Describe the thoracolumbar fascia superiorly
- Passes anterior serratus posterior superior
- continuous with cervical fascia of neck
Describe the thoracolumbar fascia in the thoracic region
- covers deep muscles
- separates deep from intermediate/superficial
Describe the thoracolumbar fascia medially / laterally
Attaches to :
- spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae (medially)
Attaches to :
- angles of ribs (laterally)
Which muscles’ medial attachments blend into the thoracolumbar fascia?
Latissimus dorsi & serratus posterior inferior
What are the layers of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region?
Posterior, middle, anterior
Describe the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region
- thick
- attaches to lumbar/sacral spinous processes & supraspinous ligament
- covers erector spinae (laterally)
Describe the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region
- attaches to lumbar transverse process & intertransverse ligament
- iliac crest (inf.)
- rib 12 (sup.)
Describe the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region
- covers anterior surface of quadratus lumborum (muscle of post. abdominal wall)
- lumbar transverse process
- iliac crest (inf.)
- diaphragm, via lateral arcuate ligament (sup.)
Where do spinotransverse muscles run from?
From the spinous processes and ligamentum nuchae, upward and laterally
Origin of splenius capitis
- Lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae, C7-T4 spinous processes
Origin of splenius cervicis
- T3-T6 spinous process
What are the 3 major groups of erector spinae muscles?
- Iliocostalis
- Longissimus
- Spinalis
Name the 3 iliocostalis muscles
Iliocostalis: lumborum, thoracis, cervicis
Name the 3 longissimus muscles
Longissimus: thoracis, cervicis, capitis
Name the 3 spinalis muscles
Spinalis: thoracis, cervicis, capitis
Insertion of splenius cervicis
- C1-C3 transverse process
Insertion of splenius capitis
- Mastoid process
Origin of illiocostalis cervicis
- angles of ribs 3-6
Insertion of illiocostalis cervicis
- transverse process of C4-C6
Origin of illiocostalis thoracis
- Angles of lower 6 ribs
Insertion of illiocostalis thoracis
- angles of upper 6 ribs
- C7 transverse process
Origin of illiocostalis lumborum
- sacrum
- lumber spinous process
- lower 2 cervical process
- iliac crest
Insertion of illiocostalis lumborum
- Angles of lower 6/7 ribs
Origin of longissimus capitis
- T1-T4 transverse processes
- T4-T7 articular processes
Insertion of longissimus capitis
- Mastoid process (posterior margin)
Origin of longissimus cervicis
- T1-T4/5 transverse process
Insertion of longissimus cervicis
- C2-C6 transverse process
Origin of longissimus thoracis
- blends with iliocostalis lumborum
- lumbar transverse processes
Insertion of longissimus thoracis
- T1-T12 transverse process
- Ribs 3-12 tubercles
Origin of spinalis capitis
- blends with semi-spinalis capitis
Insertion of spinalis capitis
- with semi-spinalis capitis
Origin of spinalis cervicis
- lower part of ligamentum nuchae
- spinous process of C7
Insertion of spinalis cervicis
- C2 (axis) spinous process
Origin of spinalis thoracis
- T10-L2 spinous process
Insertion of spinalis thoracis
- T1-T8 spinous process
Which are the transversospinalies muscles?
- Semispinalis
- Multifundus
- Rotatores
