Deep Muscles (Back) - GREYS ANATOMY

Question 1

What are deep muscles of the back innervated by?

Answer 1

Segmental branches of the posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 2

Where to deep muscles of the back extend to/from?

Answer 2

Extend from the pelvis to the skull

Question 3

Name the extensors and rotators of the head and neck

Answer 3

Splenius capitis and crevicis

Question 4

Name the extensors of the vertebral column

Answer 4

Erector spinae

Question 5

Name the short segmental muscles muscles

Answer 5

Interspinales and intertransversarii

Question 6

What does the thoracolumar fascia cover?

Answer 6

Deep muscles of back and trunk

• overall organisation of the region
• overall integrity of the region

Question 7

Describe the thoracolumbar fascia superiorly

Answer 7

• Passes anterior serratus posterior superior

- continuous with cervical fascia of neck

Question 8

Describe the thoracolumbar fascia in the thoracic region

Answer 8

• covers deep muscles

- separates deep from intermediate/superficial

Question 9

Describe the thoracolumbar fascia medially / laterally

Answer 9

Attaches to :
- spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae (medially)

Attaches to :
- angles of ribs (laterally)

Question 10

Which muscles’ medial attachments blend into the thoracolumbar fascia?

Answer 10

Latissimus dorsi & serratus posterior inferior

Question 11

What are the layers of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region?

Answer 11

Posterior, middle, anterior

Question 12

Describe the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region

Answer 12

• thick
• attaches to lumbar/sacral spinous processes & supraspinous ligament
• covers erector spinae (laterally)

Question 13

Describe the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region

Answer 13

• attaches to lumbar transverse process & intertransverse ligament
• iliac crest (inf.)
• rib 12 (sup.)

Question 14

Describe the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia in the lumbar region

Answer 14

• covers anterior surface of quadratus lumborum (muscle of post. abdominal wall)
• lumbar transverse process
• iliac crest (inf.)
• diaphragm, via lateral arcuate ligament (sup.)

Question 15

Where do spinotransverse muscles run from?

Answer 15

From the spinous processes and ligamentum nuchae, upward and laterally

Question 16

Origin of splenius capitis

Answer 16

• Lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae, C7-T4 spinous processes

Question 17

Origin of splenius cervicis

Answer 17

• T3-T6 spinous process

Question 18

What are the 3 major groups of erector spinae muscles?

Answer 18

1. Iliocostalis
2. Longissimus
3. Spinalis

Question 19

Name the 3 iliocostalis muscles

Answer 19

Iliocostalis: lumborum, thoracis, cervicis

Question 20

Name the 3 longissimus muscles

Answer 20

Longissimus: thoracis, cervicis, capitis

Question 21

Name the 3 spinalis muscles

Answer 21

Spinalis: thoracis, cervicis, capitis

Question 22

Insertion of splenius cervicis

Answer 22

• C1-C3 transverse process

Question 23

Insertion of splenius capitis

Answer 23

• Mastoid process

Question 24

Origin of illiocostalis cervicis

Answer 24

• angles of ribs 3-6

Question 25

Insertion of illiocostalis cervicis

Answer 25

- transverse process of C4-C6

Question 26

Origin of illiocostalis thoracis

Answer 26

- Angles of lower 6 ribs

Question 27

Insertion of illiocostalis thoracis

Answer 27

- angles of upper 6 ribs | - C7 transverse process

Question 28

Origin of illiocostalis lumborum

Answer 28

- sacrum - lumber spinous process - lower 2 cervical process - iliac crest

Question 29

Insertion of illiocostalis lumborum

Answer 29

- Angles of lower 6/7 ribs

Question 30

Origin of longissimus capitis

Answer 30

- T1-T4 transverse processes | - T4-T7 articular processes

Question 31

Insertion of longissimus capitis

Answer 31

- Mastoid process (posterior margin)

Question 32

Origin of longissimus cervicis

Answer 32

- T1-T4/5 transverse process

Question 33

Insertion of longissimus cervicis

Answer 33

- C2-C6 transverse process

Question 34

Origin of longissimus thoracis

Answer 34

- blends with iliocostalis lumborum | - lumbar transverse processes

Question 35

Insertion of longissimus thoracis

Answer 35

- T1-T12 transverse process | - Ribs 3-12 tubercles

Question 36

Origin of spinalis capitis

Answer 36

- blends with semi-spinalis capitis

Question 37

Insertion of spinalis capitis

Answer 37

- with semi-spinalis capitis

Question 38

Origin of spinalis cervicis

Answer 38

- lower part of ligamentum nuchae | - spinous process of C7

Question 39

Insertion of spinalis cervicis

Answer 39

- C2 (axis) spinous process

Question 40

Origin of spinalis thoracis

Answer 40

- T10-L2 spinous process

Question 41

Insertion of spinalis thoracis

Answer 41

- T1-T8 spinous process

Question 42

Which are the transversospinalies muscles?

Answer 42

1. Semispinalis 2. Multifundus 3. Rotatores