Deep Muscles

Question 1

General: Location

Answer 1

In the vertebral grooves between the anterior and posterior lamellae of the thoracfolumbar fascia

Question 2

General: Action

Answer 2

Vertebral Column and head

Question 3

General: Innervation

Answer 3

Posterior primary rami of the spinal nerves

Question 4

General: Blood Supply

Answer 4

From cranial to caudal:
Vertebral artery

Deep cervical artery

occipital artery

transverse cervical artery

posterior intercostal artery

subcostal artery

lumbar artery

lateral sacral artery

Question 5

Splenius Capitis and Cervicis

Answer 5

Capitis is located above cervicis

Question 6

Splen Cap and Cer: Origin and Insertion

Answer 6

Origin: Ligamentum Nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T6

Insertion: Superior Nuchal Line, mastoid process, transverse processes of C2 and C3

Question 7

Splen Cap and Cer: Actions

Answer 7

Together: extend the head and neck
Individually: turn the head

Action of one muscle rotates the head to the same side

Question 8

Splen Cap and Cer: Innervation

Answer 8

Dorsal Primary Rami

Question 9

Erector Spinae

Answer 9

3 Columns of fibers: Spinalis, Longissimus, and Iliocostalis (further subdivided regionally)

Question 10

Erector Spinae: Action

Answer 10

Principal extensor of back

Question 11

Erector Spinae: Innervation

Answer 11

Dorsal Primary Rami

Question 12

Transversospinal Group of Muscles

Answer 12

Semispinalis: Most superficial, extend about 6 segments

Multifidus: extend 3-5 segments

Rotator Muscles: Deepest, extend 1 or 2 segments

Question 13

Transversospinal: Action

Answer 13

Rotation of Vertebral column to the opposite side

Question 14

Transversospinal: Innervation

Answer 14

Dorsal Primary Rami