Deep Face

Question 1

_____ is the space found superior to the zygomatic arch

Answer 1

Temporal fossa

Question 2

_____ is the space found inferior to the zygomatic arch

Answer 2

infratemporal fossa

Question 3

Boundaries of Infratemporal Fossa

Answer 3

• Lateral
  
  • Ramus of mandible
• Anterior
  
  • Maxilla
• Medial
  
  • Lateral Pterygoid Plate
• Roof
  
  • Sphenoid
• Posterior
  
  • Tympanic plate and mastoid and syloid process
• Inferior
  
  • Angle of mandible
    *

Question 4

Contents of Infratemporal Fossa

Answer 4

• Inferior portion of Temporalis m.
• Lateral and Medial Pterygoid muslces
• Maxillary artery
• Pterygoid venous plexus
• Nervous Structures:
  
  • Inferior alveolar (V₃)
  • Lingual (V₃)
  • Buccal (V₃)
  • Chorda Tympani (CN VII)
  • Otic ganglion

Question 5

Muscles of Mastication

Answer 5

• Innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V₃)
• move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint
• Four paired muscles of mastication
  
  • Temporalis
  • masseter
  • lateral pterygoids
  • medial pterygoids

Question 6

What opens the Mandible

Answer 6

• Gravity
• Anterior digastric
• Lateral pterygoid (inferior part)

Question 7

_____ elevates and protracts the mandible

Answer 7

medial pterygoid

Question 8

Function of Temporalis muscle

Answer 8

Elevates and retracts mandible

Question 9

Funciton of Masseter muscle

Answer 9

Elevates and protracts mandible; prime mover of jaw closure

Question 10

Muscles of mastication are innervated by

Answer 10

The Trigeminal nerve (CN V₃)

Question 11

Action of Temporalis muscle

Answer 11

Elevates and retracts mandible

Question 12

Action of masseter muscle

Answer 12

elevates and protracts mandible; prime mover of jaw closure

Question 13

ateral pterygold

Answer 13

protracts mandible; produces side-to-side movemnt of mandible

Question 14

Action of Medial pterygold

Answer 14

Elevates and protracts mandible; produces side-to-side movment of mandible

Question 15

Movements of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Answer 15

• Elevation
  
  • Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoids
• Depression
  
  • Lateral pterygoids, suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscles)
• Protrusion
  
  • Lateral pterygoids, massete, medial pterygoids
• Retrusion
  
  • Temporalis, masseter
• Lateral movements
  
  • Ipsilateral temporalis, contralateral pterygoids, masseter

Question 16

The tongue consists of ____ muscles that curl, squeeze, and fold the tongue during chewing and speaking

Answer 16

intrinsic muscles

Question 17

The ____ muslces of the tongue, originate on other head and neck structures and insert on the tongue

Answer 17

Extrinsic muslces

Question 18

Muscles of the tongue

Answer 18

• Left and right genioglossus muscles:
  
  • originate on the mandible and protract the tongue
• The left and right styloglossus muscles originate on the styloid process of the temporal bone
  
  • elevate and retract the tongue(pull the tongue back into the mouth)
• The left and right hyoglossus muslces originate at the hyoid bone and insert on the sides of the tongue
  
  • depress and retract the tongue
• The palatoglossus muscles originate on the soft palate.
  
  • Elevate the posterior portion of the tongue

Question 19

Muscles of the Pharynx (throat)

Answer 19

• Primary pharynx muscles are the pharyngeal constrictors (superior, middle, and inferior)
• Initiate swallowing and force the bolus inferiorly into the esophagus
• Help elevate or tense the palate when swallowing

Question 20

The Stylopharyngeus is innervated by the

Answer 20

CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) via branches of pharyngeal plexus

Question 21

What is Stern’s Rule

Answer 21

• A Hierarchical rule that refer only to the head
• If a muscle has the root “tensor” in its name, it’s innervated by CN V
• If a muscle has the root “palat-“ in its name, it’s innervated by CN X (Vagus nerv)
• If a muslce has the root “-glossus” in its name, it’s innervated by CN XII (Hypoglossal nerve)

Question 22

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Question 25

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Question 30

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Question 32

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Question 35

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Question 38

Answer 38