Deep Back/ Vertebral Column Flashcards
3 columns of erector spinae
Innervated by
Iliocostalis (Most Lateral)
Longissimus (Intermediate)
Spinalis (Most Medial)
Dorsal Rami
Primary Curvature
Thoracic and Sacral
Hump of the curve faces anterior
Secondary Curvature
Cervical and Lumbar
Hump of curve faces posterior
of Cervial Vert.
7
of Thoracic Vert
12
of Lumbar Vert
5
of Sacral vert
5
of Coccygeal Vert
4
Typical Vertebrae has ___ joints
6 (4 synovial joints and 2 sympheses)
Zygapophysial Joints located B/t
Articular Processes on adjacent vertebrae
Zyg. Joints allow ___ movement for (1) cervical, (2) thoracic, and (3) Lumbar vertebrae
Cervical: Flexion and Extension
Thoracic: Rotation
Lumbar: Interlocked to limit range of movement; some flexion and extension
Anterior Longitudinal and Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments run
Length of spinal cord
Ligamentum flava pass b/t
Lamine of adjacent vert.
Resists separation of laminae in flexion and assist in extension
Ligamentum Nuchae runs
C1-C7
Interspinous Ligament passes B/t
adjacent spinous processes
Denticulate Ligament
Longitudinal sheet of pia matter extending laterally toward arachnoid and dura mater
Vertebral bodies ___ in size from ____ to _____
Increase; Superior; Inferior
Kyphosis
Excess curvature of Thoracic region; irreversible and age-related; Think: chin going to chest
Lordosis
Too much weight causes exaggerated lumbar curve; Cured by losing weight
Scoliosis
Curvature deviation (L&R) away from midsaggital line
Costal facets
Where thoracic vertebrae articulate with ribs
Thoracic vertebrae distinguished by…
Sharp descending spinous processes and costal facets
Atlas (C1) fused to Axis (C2) via
Dens
Supraspinous Ligaments run
Posterior spine of spinous processes
Posterior longitudnal ligaments run
the length of the spine INSIDE vertebral foramen
Ant. Long. Lig/ Post. Long. Lig
Which resists hyperflexion and which resists hyperextension?
Anterior: Hyperextension
Posterior: Hyperflexion
Internal Vertebral Plexus
Valveless venous system running lenth of vertebral column. Blood flow can go either way but diseases (cancer) can spread easily too. Superior to the dura mater
CSF located in
subarachnoid space
Samples of CSF taken @ cauda equina
Conus medularis
Spinal cord terminates at L2
Flium Terminae
Pia mater (Joined by dura at S2) that ties conus medularis to coccyx
Disc Evulsion involves
herniation of nucleus pulposus material through age-weakened annulus fibrosus
Coccygeal Ligament
continuation of the dura mater that extends below the end of the dural sac to attach to the coccyx.
