Decorative Cosmetic Products (Part 01) Flashcards
__________ realted it as they believed make-up was next to godliness and that it appealed to the Gods; both men and women of all social classes wore make-up.
Egyptians
People in ancient Greece and Rome began wearing make-up. For them, they strived to achieve more __________ look.
Natural
The most popular make-up that the Egyptians were known for was __________, which is similar to black eye shadow but used to line the eyes, usually made from grey ore called __________.
Kohl; Galena
Suddenly during the 1550s, everything changed when the __________ concept of beauty gained popularity.
Elizabethan
__________ who believed that makeup was unladylike and vulgar. This created backlash against wearing makeup that is arguably still seen in the world today.
Queen Victoria
Three (3) Types of Decorative Cosmetic Products
- Facial Make-Up
- Eye Products
- Lip Products
These are products that are used to color and highlight facial features. They can either directly add or alter color or can be applied over foundation that serves to make the color even and smooth.
Facial Make-Up
Women in ancient used cosmetics consisting of mixture of mineral pigments based on __________.
Talak
Priests in ancient Egypt used __________ (white powder) to cover and whiten their faces.
Plaster
__________ introduced its pancake make-up.
Max Factor
Ingredients of Facial Make-Up
- Talc
- Kaolin
- Zinc Oxide
- Calcium Carbonate
It is the main component of face powders; in some products it could comprise up to __________ of the formulation. It is used mainly because of outstanding spreadability (slip) and low covering power (translucency).
Talc; 70% or 75%
Also known as ‘China Clay’, the naturally occurring compound, is hydrated aluminium silicate.
Kaolin
Three (3) Different Groups of Clays
- Kaolinite (Al2O3)
- Nacrite (2SiO2)
- Dickite (2H2O)
It is occasionally used at moderately low levels in face powders because it has quite good covering power, is slightly astringent and recognized skin protectorant; it therefore imparts soothing properties to the skin.
Zinc Oxide
Also known as ‘Precipitated Chalk’, is the mildly alkaline, white, odourless microcrystalline powder available in special grades with differing particle sizes and densities. It is mainly used because of its excellent absorption characteristics. It is malte and can give ‘bloom’ effect to the coating on the face.
Calcium Carbonate
Four (4) Types of Facial Make-Up
- Foundation Make-Up
- Face Powders
- Two-Way Foundation Make-Up
- Blushers
These are used to unify the colour of the skin, to cover blemishes and skin defects and to provide basis for further enhancement by the application of lip and eye colour cosmetics.
Foundation Make-Up
Three (3) Forms of Foundation Make-Up
- Cake Foundation Make-Up
- Liquid Foundation Make-Up
- Multifunctional Make-Up
It was modified and developed from that used in the theatre and film industries. The professionals used stick make-up which became Max Factor’s Pan Sticks, the first products to become commercially available.
Cake Foundation Make-Up
These are suspension of pigments in an emulsion base, the same types as those used for facial moisturizers. Traditionally they were based on either anionic or cationic emulsification systems.
Liquid Foundation Make-Up
Two (2) Types of Multifunctional Make-Up
- BB Creams
- CC Creams
It originally stood for “blemish balm”; however, today, companies create their own meaning for this abbreviation, including “beauty balm” and “beauty berelit crème”.
BB Creams
It stands for “color correction” or “color control”. These products combine facial foundations, serum, moisturizing and nourishing ingredients, sunscreens, and, in many cases, anti-aging ingredients in single formulation.
CC Creams
These are used to cover minor imperfections and reduce the shine that appears on the skin due to sebum or perspiration. They are required to give matte, smooth finish to the skin and remain this way for as long as possible.
Face Powders
These are used to cover minor imperfections and reduce the shine that appears on the skin due to sebum or perspiration. They are required to give matte, smooth finish to the skin and remain this way for as long as possible.
Face Powders
Two (2) Forms of Face Powders
- Loose Face Powders
- Compact Face Powders
These are form of compact powder foundation that can be applied to the skin by use of either wet or dry sponge. The overall function is to provide natural-looking smooth finish.
Two-Way Foundation Make-Up
These are often also called “Rouges”, are applied to the cheeks, usually over foundation make-up, to emphasize and highlight the cheek bones. They also give structure to the face. Most are now compressed powders or emulsions, but previously they have been available as aqueous gels that contained water-soluble dyes which actually stained the skin.
Blushers
Four (4) Forms of Blushers
- Pressed Powder Blushers
- Liquid Blushers
- Wax-Based Blushers
- Bronzing Powders
Its function is to protect the eyeball from local injury. Additionally, they aid in regulating the light reaching the eye, in tear film maintenance, in tear flow, and in distributing the tear film over the eye’s surface (called the cornea) during blinking.
Eyelids
The Iraqis believed that eyeshadow would protect them from the __________.
Evil Eye
The first cake mascara was created by __________ in 1917.
Maybelline
Three (3) Types of Eye Make-Up
- Eyeshadow
- Mascara
- Eyeliners
__________ is used to give colour and gloss to the eyelids. This is the most fashion-conscious area of decorative cosmetics, the popular shades varying with the season and clothes that are in fashion at the time.
Eyeshadow
Three (3) Forms of Eyeshadow Make-Up
- Pressed Powder Eyeshadow
- Cream Eyeshadow
- Eyeshadow Sticks
The most common form of eyeshadows. These are sold as single colors in small compact with or without an applicator, or as collections of colors that tone together in larger compacts or tins with number of applicators.
Pressed Powder Eyeshadow
This has to be of the correct consistency, such that it can spread easily on the skin, but not be greasy or crease during wear, and the pigments or pearls in the pot or tube in which they are sold remain suspended.
Cream Eyeshadow
These are manufactured using similar ingredients and methods of production to lipsticks and other stick products.
Eyeshadow Sticks
The colour, thickness and length of eyelashes are enhanced by using suspensions of coloured pigments in film-forming medium to which lengthening ingredients such as nylon flock can be added.
Mascara
Three (3) Forms of Mascara
- Cake Mascara
- Cream Mascara
- Waterproof Mascara
These were the first type of product to appear on the market in the 1920s and are still available today. Application is by wetting the brush and rubbing it onto the cake to pick up product, and then using the brush to transfer the product to the lashes. Most formulations of this type tend to have little water resistance and will smudge if the wearer cries or rubs her eyes. This is because they are based on soap or wax or pigment blend which is emulsified when the wet brush is applied to the surface.
Cake Mascara
The most common type of mascara used today. This type is packaged in small thin plastic bottles with an integral applicator (or wand) incorporated into the cap. The formulations are either oil-in-water emulsions with film-former incorporated, to give water and smudge resistance, or totally anhydrous, to give totally waterproof products.
Cream Mascara
They are therefore usually solvent-based systems. The basic solvent has to be volatile to give quick-drying formulation.
Waterproof Mascara
These are applied to the rims of the eyelids following the eyeshadow to accentuate the shape of the eyes.
Eyeliners
Three (3) Forms of Eyeliners
- Liquid Eyeliners
- Pen-Type Eyeliners
- Eye Pencils
These products have been used since ancient times to enhance the appearance of the lips by imparting colour and gloss, and by re-defining the outline of the lips.
Lip Products
The so-called __________ muscle, makes hooked curve toward the exterior at the edge of the vermilion area, which gives the lips their shape.
Orbicularis Oris
The ancient Egyptians squeezed out purple-red color from plants, leading to serious diseases. In the course of time, this came to be known as __________.
The Kiss of Death
Three (3) Raw Materials Used in Lip Products
- Oils
- Waxes
- Colors
__________ is the main oil used in lipsticks. It is very thick and maintains this viscosity when hot, making it ideal as suspending medium for the colouring agents.
Castor Oil
This is widely used co-solvent in lipsticks. It aids pigment dispersion and has pleasant skin feel and virtually no taste or odour.
Oleyl Alcohol
These are considered as unctuous solids with different levels of lustre and plasticity. In lip products they are used to give structure to lipsticks and lipliners; they also help them to keep their form in high temperatures.
Waxes
The __________ of the lipstick is the main reason for its purchase. The most popular shades are variations on types of red, from pinks through to true reds.
Colors
Three (3) Types of Lip Products
- Lipsticks
- Lip Glosses
- Lip Liners and Pencils
The most common form of lip product, consists of wedge- or bullet-shaped stick that is molded hot and then cooled before being placed into small plastic cup or godet, which is held in plastic or metal case.
Lipsticks
The __________ can be moved up and down inside the case by screw or push action.
Godet
These products are usually far more liquid than the traditional lipstick and the use of waxes is limited.
Lip Glosses
(T/F): Lip Glosses are usually dispensed from clear tubes to which is fitted either rollerball in housing that incorporates wand with an applicator attached to the bottom.
T
These are most often slim pencils, or fluids encased in special ‘pens’ to which is attached fine brush through which the product is dispensed, and with which the outline of the lips can be drawn.
Lip Liners and Pencils
