deck_3323537 (1) Flashcards
Self-Reports
Can be in the form of Interviews or Questionares
Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural theory
Cognative development is culturally and socially molded from interaction
Id
Primative and Instinctive
Child Development vs Developmental Psychology Range
Child Development - Adolescence
Developmental Psych. - Death
Reformation Times
Children were regarded as evil and stubborn.
Preformationism
Children were regarded as already formed adults. (Medieval times)
Meso-system
The connections between Micro-systems.
Operant Conditioning Theory
Reinforcement and Punishment
Hypothesis
Prediction drawn directly from a theory.
Experimental Design
Looking for cause/effect relationships
Ego
Rational
Enlightenment Times
Tabula Rasa (Blank Slate) and Nobile Savege (Inborn Talents)
Prenatal Period
Conception to Birth
Variables
Independent is manipulated.
Dependent is studied.
Theory
Set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior.
Macro-system
Cultural values, laws, and customs.
Cross-sectional study
Different groups are monitored.
Infancy Period
Birth to 2 years old
Systematic Observation
Naturalistic & structured observation
Middle Childhood
6 to 11 years old
Children’s 5 research rights
Protection from harm Informed consent Privacy Knowledge of results Beneficial treatment
- One course of development or many?
One Course - Children everywhere follow same for stages.
Many Courses - Different cultures shape development differently
Classic Conditioning Theory
Relationship between stimulus and response.
Micro-system
The innermost level of the child’s environment.
Such as immediate family, school, or playground.
5 Periods of Development (up to age 20)
Prenatal Infancy Early Childhood Middle Childhood Adolescence
- Stable vs. Open to Change
Stability emphasizes heredity
Change emphasizes experience
Early Childhood
2 to 6 years old
- Continuous vs. Discontinuous Development
Continuous is a gradual process like a sponge.
Discontinuous is a staged process like a plant.
Scientific Times
Evolutionary Theory
- Nature vs. Nurture
Nature focuses on biological givens
Nurture focuses on physical/social world
Exo-system
Social settings that do not contain the child, but still affect experiences in immediate settings.
Adolescence
11 to 20 years old
Medieval Times
Preformantionism
Children are already formed adults
Longitudinal study
One group is monitored over time.
Three Domains of Development
Physical, Cognitive, Emotional/Social
Correlational Design
Looking for relationships (cannot infer cause and effect)
Ethnography and two of it’s issues
The study of cultures other than ones own.
Bias of the investigator.
Findings that aren’t generalized beyond subject group.
Super-Ego
Conscious and Rational
Case-Study
Study on a single child
Noble Savege
Child is born with inborn talents.
Tabula Rasa
Child is born as a blank slate for society to shape.
Four Stages of Devvelopment
Sensory-motor
Pre-Operational
Concrete-Operational
Formal-Operational
Four Issues/Debates
- Continuous vs. Discontinuous
- One course or many
- Nature vs. Nurture
- Stable vs. Open to change
4 Systems of Ecological System Theory
Micro
Meso
Exo
Macro
Two types of designs
Correlational and Experimetal
